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使用 DWM3001 和 ATmega1284 实现设备位置的实时精确跟踪

完全集成的UWB收发器

UWB 3 Click with EasyAVR v7

已发布 6月 27, 2024

点击板

UWB 3 Click

开发板

EasyAVR v7

编译器

NECTO Studio

微控制器单元

ATmega1284

它对于创建需要精确位置跟踪的系统非常有用,比如实时跟踪物体或设备的位置。

A

A

硬件概览

它是如何工作的?

UWB 3 Click基于Qorvo的DWM3001,这是一款完全集成的UWB收发器模块。该模块可用于双向测距和TDoA应用。它设计符合FiRa™ PHY和MAC规范,使其能与其他符合FiRa™标准的设备实现互操作性。它支持通道5(6.5GHz)和通道9(8GHz),数据速率可达850Kbps至6.8Mbps,适用于高数据吞吐量应用,最大数据包长度为1023字节。除了平面UWB印刷天线外,还有一个蓝牙芯片天线,用于基于Nordic Cortex-M4 32位MCU的板载设备,时钟速度为64MHz,用于利用BLE无线电收发器。这个Nordic MCU是模块的核心。nRF52833具有高级的片上接口,例如NFC-A和

USB 2.0(全速12Mbps),在UWB 3 Click中以USB C形式提供。DWM3001 UWB收发器还集成了LIS12DH,一款来自STMicroelectronics的低功耗三轴线性加速度计。由于RTLS标签通常使用加速度计在标签移动时启动UWB测距,因此可以通过默认保持在最低功耗模式下来延长电池寿命。可以通过在TP1和TP2引脚上添加NFC天线来使用近场通信类型2(NFC-A)。UWB 3 Click可以使用nRF52833的标准2-Wire UART接口与主机MCU通信,常用的UART RX和TX引脚以及波特率为115200bps。还有RX和TX LED用于可视化数据流。它还可以在32MHz上使用4-Wire SPI串行接口

进行通信。除了与Nordic MCU的通信外,I2C接口还允许您读取加速度计的数据。值得注意的是,当前的模块固件不支持SPI和I2C串行接口;这些接口保留用于将来使用。您可以通过RST引脚或RESET按钮重置模块。nRF52833固件可以通过SWDIO 6针连接器进行更新。此Click board™只能使用3.3V逻辑电压电平运行。在使用具有不同逻辑电平的MCU之前,板子必须执行适当的逻辑电压电平转换。此外,该Click board™配备有一个包含易于使用的函数和示例代码的库,可用作进一步开发的参考。

UWB 3 Click hardware overview image

功能概述

开发板

EasyAVR v7 是第七代AVR开发板,专为快速开发嵌入式应用的需求而设计。它支持广泛的16位AVR微控制器,来自Microchip,并具有一系列独特功能,如强大的板载mikroProg程序员和通过USB的在线电路调试器。开发板布局合理,设计周到,使得最终用户可以在一个地方找到所有必要的元素,如开关、按钮、指示灯、连接器等。EasyAVR v7 通过每个端口的四种不同连接器,比以往更高效地连接附件板、传感器和自定义电子产品。EasyAVR v7 开发板的每个部分

都包含了使同一板块运行最高效的必要组件。一个集成的mikroProg,一个快速的USB 2.0程序员,带有mikroICD硬件在线电路调试器,提供许多有价值的编 程/调试选项和与Mikroe软件环境的无缝集成。除此之外,它还包括一个干净且调节过的开发板电源供应模块。它可以使用广泛的外部电源,包括外部12V电源供应,7-12V交流或9-15V直流通过DC连接器/螺丝端子,以及通过USB Type-B(USB-B)连接器的电源。通信选项如USB-UART和RS-232也包括在内,与

广受好评的mikroBUS™标准、三种显示选项(7段、图形和基于字符的LCD)和几种不同的DIP插座一起,覆盖了广泛的16位AVR MCU。EasyAVR v7 是Mikroe快速开发生态系统的一个组成部分。它由Mikroe软件工具原生支持,得益于大量不同的Click板™(超过一千块板),其数量每天都在增长,它涵盖了原型制作和开发的许多方面。

EasyAVR v7 horizontal image

微控制器概述 

MCU卡片 / MCU

ATmega1284

建筑

AVR

MCU 内存 (KB)

128

硅供应商

Microchip

引脚数

40

RAM (字节)

16384

使用的MCU引脚

mikroBUS™映射器

NC
NC
AN
Reset / ID SEL
PA6
RST
SPI Select / ID COMM
PA5
CS
SPI Clock
PB7
SCK
SPI Data OUT
PB6
MISO
SPI Data IN
PB5
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
NC
NC
INT
UART TX
PD1
TX
UART RX
PD0
RX
I2C Clock
PC0
SCL
I2C Data
PC1
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

“仔细看看!”

Click board™ 原理图

UWB 3 Click Schematic schematic

一步一步来

项目组装

EasyAVR v7 front image hardware assembly

从选择您的开发板和Click板™开始。以EasyAVR v7作为您的开发板开始。

EasyAVR v7 front image hardware assembly
Buck 22 Click front image hardware assembly
MCU DIP 40 hardware assembly
EasyAVR v7 MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
NECTO Compiler Selection Step Image hardware assembly
NECTO Output Selection Step Image hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Necto DIP image step 7 hardware assembly
EasyPIC PRO v7a Display Selection Necto Step hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Necto PreFlash Image hardware assembly

实时跟踪您的结果

应用程序输出

1. 应用程序输出 - 在调试模式下,“应用程序输出”窗口支持实时数据监控,直接提供执行结果的可视化。请按照提供的教程正确配置环境,以确保数据正确显示。

2. UART 终端 - 使用UART Terminal通过USB to UART converter监视数据传输,实现Click board™与开发系统之间的直接通信。请根据项目需求配置波特率和其他串行设置,以确保正常运行。有关分步设置说明,请参考提供的教程

3. Plot 输出 - Plot功能提供了一种强大的方式来可视化实时传感器数据,使趋势分析、调试和多个数据点的对比变得更加直观。要正确设置,请按照提供的教程,其中包含使用Plot功能显示Click board™读数的分步示例。在代码中使用Plot功能时,请使用以下函数:plot(insert_graph_name, variable_name);。这是一个通用格式,用户需要将“insert_graph_name”替换为实际图表名称,并将“variable_name”替换为要显示的参数。

软件支持

库描述

该库包含 UWB 3 Click 驱动程序的 API。

关键功能:

  • uwb3_send_cmd - 此函数向 Click 模块发送指定的命令。

  • uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter - 此函数向 Click 模块发送带有指定参数的命令。

  • uwb3_reset_device - 此函数通过切换 RST 引脚状态来重置设备。

开源

代码示例

完整的应用程序代码和一个现成的项目可以通过NECTO Studio包管理器直接安装到NECTO Studio 应用程序代码也可以在MIKROE的GitHub账户中找到。

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief UWB 3 Click Example.
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of an UWB 3 click board by showing
 * the communication between the two click boards.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes the driver and configures the click board for the selected
 * application mode.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Reads and processes all incoming ranging block messages and displays them
 * on the USB UART. One click board should be configured to initiator mode and
 * the others to responder 1 or 2. The initiator click displays the address
 * and distance of each responder nodes, while the responder click boards displays
 * the address and distance of the initiator click board.
 *
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void uwb3_clear_app_buf ( void )
 * - static void uwb3_log_app_buf ( void )
 * - static err_t uwb3_process ( uwb3_t *ctx )
 * - static err_t uwb3_display_response ( uwb3_t *ctx )
 * - static err_t uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( void )
 *
 * @author Stefan Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "uwb3.h"

// Demo aplication selection macros
#define APP_INITIATOR               0
#define APP_RESPONDER_1             1
#define APP_RESPONDER_2             2
#define DEMO_APP                    APP_INITIATOR

/** INITF/RESPF parameter list and default value
 * Order    Config Param            Default value           Description
 * #1       RFRAME BPRF             4                       RFRAME BRFF set as per FiRa spec: 
 *                                                          4 - SP3 SFD4Z, 6 - SP3 SFD4A
 * #2       RSTU slot duration      2400                    Duration of the slot in RSTU time units.
 *                                                          1ms = 1200 RSTU
 * #3       Block duration ms       200                     Duration of the FiRa ranging block in ms
 * #4       Round duration slots    25                      Duration of the FiRa ranging round inside
 *                                                          the block
 * #5       Ranging Round usage     2                       0 - Not used, 1 - SS-TWR, 2 - DS-TWR
 * #6       Session ID              42                      Session ID
 * #7       vupper64                01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 Eight hexadecimal numbers, represented
 *                                                          static part of the STS in FiRa standard, 
 *                                                          Hex values separated by ":"
 * #8       Multi node mode         0                       0 for unicast, 1 for multi-node configuration
 * #9       Round hopping           0                       0 for no round hopping, 1 for round hopping
 * #10      Initiator address       0                       Address of FiRa Initiator, Decimal value 0-65535
 * #11      Responder address       1                       Address of responder or set of addresses for
 *                                                          multiple responders, Decimal value 0-65535
 */
#define INITIATOR_CONFIG            "4 2400 200 25 2 42 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 1 0 0 1 2"
#define RESPONDER_1_CONFIG          "4 2400 200 25 2 42 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 1 0 0 1"
#define RESPONDER_2_CONFIG          "4 2400 200 25 2 42 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 1 0 0 2"

// Application buffer size
#define APP_BUFFER_SIZE             800
#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE         200

static uwb3_t uwb3;
static log_t logger;

static uint8_t app_buf[ APP_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;

/**
 * @brief UWB 3 clearing application buffer.
 * @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length.
 * @note None.
 */
static void uwb3_clear_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief UWB 3 log application buffer.
 * @details This function logs data from application buffer to USB UART.
 * @note None.
 */
static void uwb3_log_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief UWB 3 data reading function.
 * @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer. 
 * @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
 * See #uwb3_t object definition for detailed explanation.
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t uwb3_process ( uwb3_t *ctx );

/**
 * @brief UWB 3 display response function.
 * @details This function reads and displays the response to previously sent command.
 * @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
 * See #uwb3_t object definition for detailed explanation.
 * @return @li @c  0 - OK response.
 *         @li @c -2 - Timeout error.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 */
static err_t uwb3_display_response ( uwb3_t *ctx );

/**
 * @brief UWB 3 parse ranging block function.
 * @details This function parses the ranging block results from application buffer and
 * displays it to the USB UART.
 * @return @li @c  0 - Ranging block data parsed successfully.
 *         @li @c -1 - No valid ranging block data in application buffer.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 */
static err_t uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( void );

void application_init ( void ) 
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    uwb3_cfg_t uwb3_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    uwb3_cfg_setup( &uwb3_cfg );
    UWB3_MAP_MIKROBUS( uwb3_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    if ( UART_ERROR == uwb3_init( &uwb3, &uwb3_cfg ) ) 
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    // Clear buffers
    uwb3_process( &uwb3 );
    uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
    
    // Switch to stop mode
    uwb3_send_cmd ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_STOP );
    uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    
#if ( DEMO_APP == APP_RESPONDER_1 )
    uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_RESPF, RESPONDER_1_CONFIG );
    uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
    log_printf( &logger, "Application Mode: Responder 1\r\n" );
#elif ( DEMO_APP == APP_RESPONDER_2 )
    uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_RESPF, RESPONDER_2_CONFIG );
    uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
    log_printf( &logger, "Application Mode: Responder 2\r\n" );
#else
    uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_INITF, INITIATOR_CONFIG );
    uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
    log_printf( &logger, "Application Mode: Initiator\r\n" );
#endif
    
    uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}

void application_task ( void ) 
{
    if ( UWB3_OK == uwb3_process( &uwb3 ) ) 
    {
        if ( UWB3_OK == uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( ) )
        {
            uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
        }
    }
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

static void uwb3_clear_app_buf ( void ) 
{
    memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
    app_buf_len = 0;
}

static void uwb3_log_app_buf ( void )
{
    for ( int32_t buf_cnt = 0; buf_cnt < app_buf_len; buf_cnt++ )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "%c", app_buf[ buf_cnt ] );
    }
}

static err_t uwb3_process ( uwb3_t *ctx ) 
{
    uint8_t rx_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
    int32_t overflow_bytes = 0;
    int32_t rx_cnt = 0;
    int32_t rx_size = uwb3_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
    if ( ( rx_size > 0 ) && ( rx_size <= APP_BUFFER_SIZE ) ) 
    {
        if ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) > APP_BUFFER_SIZE ) 
        {
            overflow_bytes = ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) - APP_BUFFER_SIZE;
            app_buf_len = APP_BUFFER_SIZE - rx_size;
            memmove ( app_buf, &app_buf[ overflow_bytes ], app_buf_len );
            memset ( &app_buf[ app_buf_len ], 0, overflow_bytes );
        }
        for ( rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ ) 
        {
            if ( rx_buf[ rx_cnt ] ) 
            {
                app_buf[ app_buf_len++ ] = rx_buf[ rx_cnt ];
            }
        }
        return UWB3_OK;
    }
    return UWB3_ERROR;
}

static err_t uwb3_display_response ( uwb3_t *ctx )
{
    uint32_t timeout_cnt = 0;
    uint32_t timeout = 10000;
    uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
    uwb3_process( ctx );
    while ( ( 0 == strstr( app_buf, UWB3_RSP_OK ) ) && 
            ( 0 == strstr( app_buf, UWB3_RSP_ERROR ) ) )
    {
        uwb3_process( ctx );
        if ( timeout_cnt++ > timeout )
        {
            uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
            log_error( &logger, " Timeout!" );
            return UWB3_ERROR_TIMEOUT;
        }
        Delay_ms( 1 );
    }
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    uwb3_process( ctx );
    uwb3_log_app_buf ( );
    log_printf( &logger, "--------------------------\r\n" );
    return UWB3_OK;
}

static err_t uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( void )
{
    uint8_t * __generic_ptr start_block_ptr = NULL;
    uint8_t * __generic_ptr end_block_ptr = NULL;
    uint8_t * __generic_ptr results_ptr = NULL;
    start_block_ptr = &app_buf[ 0 ];
    for ( ; ; )
    {
        start_block_ptr = strstr( start_block_ptr, "\"Block\"" );
        if ( !start_block_ptr )
        {
            return UWB3_ERROR;
        }
        end_block_ptr = strstr( start_block_ptr, "\r\n" );
        if ( !end_block_ptr )
        {
            return UWB3_ERROR;
        }
        results_ptr = strstr( start_block_ptr, "\"Status\":\"Ok\"" );
        if ( results_ptr && ( ( uint32_t ) results_ptr < ( uint32_t ) end_block_ptr ) )
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "######### " );
            while ( ',' != *start_block_ptr )
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "%c", *start_block_ptr );
                start_block_ptr++;
            }
            log_printf( &logger, " #########\r\n\n" );
            
            while ( results_ptr && ( ( uint32_t ) results_ptr < ( uint32_t ) end_block_ptr ) )
            {
                // Display node address
                results_ptr -= 16;
                while ( ',' != *results_ptr )
                {
                    log_printf( &logger, "%c", *results_ptr );
                    results_ptr++;
                }
                log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
                // Display node distance
                results_ptr = strstr( results_ptr, "\"D_cm\"" );
                while ( ',' != *results_ptr )
                {
                    log_printf( &logger, "%c", *results_ptr );
                    results_ptr++;
                }
                log_printf( &logger, "\r\n\n" );
                results_ptr = strstr( results_ptr, "\"Status\":\"Ok\"" );
            }
            return UWB3_OK;
        }
        start_block_ptr = end_block_ptr;
    }
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

额外支持

资源

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