它对于创建需要精确位置跟踪的系统非常有用,比如实时跟踪物体或设备的位置。
A
A
硬件概览
它是如何工作的?
UWB 3 Click基于Qorvo的DWM3001,这是一款完全集成的UWB收发器模块。该模块可用于双向测距和TDoA应用。它设计符合FiRa™ PHY和MAC规范,使其能与其他符合FiRa™标准的设备实现互操作性。它支持通道5(6.5GHz)和通道9(8GHz),数据速率可达850Kbps至6.8Mbps,适用于高数据吞吐量应用,最大数据包长度为1023字节。除了平面UWB印刷天线外,还有一个蓝牙芯片天线,用于基于Nordic Cortex-M4 32位MCU的板载设备,时钟速度为64MHz,用于利用BLE无线电收发器。这个Nordic MCU是模块的核心。nRF52833具有高级的片上接口,例如NFC-A和
USB 2.0(全速12Mbps),在UWB 3 Click中以USB C形式提供。DWM3001 UWB收发器还集成了LIS12DH,一款来自STMicroelectronics的低功耗三轴线性加速度计。由于RTLS标签通常使用加速度计在标签移动时启动UWB测距,因此可以通过默认保持在最低功耗模式下来延长电池寿命。可以通过在TP1和TP2引脚上添加NFC天线来使用近场通信类型2(NFC-A)。UWB 3 Click可以使用nRF52833的标准2-Wire UART接口与主机MCU通信,常用的UART RX和TX引脚以及波特率为115200bps。还有RX和TX LED用于可视化数据流。它还可以在32MHz上使用4-Wire SPI串行接口
进行通信。除了与Nordic MCU的通信外,I2C接口还允许您读取加速度计的数据。值得注意的是,当前的模块固件不支持SPI和I2C串行接口;这些接口保留用于将来使用。您可以通过RST引脚或RESET按钮重置模块。nRF52833固件可以通过SWDIO 6针连接器进行更新。此Click board™只能使用3.3V逻辑电压电平运行。在使用具有不同逻辑电平的MCU之前,板子必须执行适当的逻辑电压电平转换。此外,该Click board™配备有一个包含易于使用的函数和示例代码的库,可用作进一步开发的参考。
功能概述
开发板
Nucleo 32开发板搭载STM32F031K6 MCU,提供了一种经济且灵活的平台,适用于使用32引脚封装的STM32微控制器进行实验。该开发板具有Arduino™ Nano连接性,便于通过专用扩展板进行功能扩展,并且支持mbed,使其能够无缝集成在线资源。板载集成
ST-LINK/V2-1调试器/编程器,支持通过USB重新枚举,提供三种接口:虚拟串口(Virtual Com port)、大容量存储和调试端口。该开发板的电源供应灵活,可通过USB VBUS或外部电源供电。此外,还配备了三个LED指示灯(LD1用于USB通信,LD2用于电源
指示,LD3为用户可控LED)和一个复位按钮。STM32 Nucleo-32开发板支持多种集成开发环境(IDEs),如IAR™、Keil®和基于GCC的IDE(如AC6 SW4STM32),使其成为开发人员的多功能工具。

微控制器概述
MCU卡片 / MCU

建筑
ARM Cortex-M0
MCU 内存 (KB)
32
硅供应商
STMicroelectronics
引脚数
32
RAM (字节)
4096
你完善了我!
配件
Click Shield for Nucleo-32是扩展您的开发板功能的理想选择,专为STM32 Nucleo-32引脚布局设计。Click Shield for Nucleo-32提供了两个mikroBUS™插座,可以添加来自我们不断增长的Click板™系列中的任何功能。从传感器和WiFi收发器到电机控制和音频放大器,我们应有尽有。Click Shield for Nucleo-32与STM32 Nucleo-32开发板兼容,为用户提供了一种经济且灵活的方式,使用任何STM32微控制器快速创建原型,并尝试各种性能、功耗和功能的组合。STM32 Nucleo-32开发板无需任何独立的探针,因为它集成了ST-LINK/V2-1调试器/编程器,并随附STM32全面的软件HAL库和各种打包的软件示例。这个开发平台为用户提供了一种简便且通用的方式,将STM32 Nucleo-32兼容开发板与他们喜欢的Click板™结合,应用于即将开展的项目中。
使用的MCU引脚
mikroBUS™映射器
“仔细看看!”
Click board™ 原理图

一步一步来
项目组装
实时跟踪您的结果
应用程序输出
1. 应用程序输出 - 在调试模式下,“应用程序输出”窗口支持实时数据监控,直接提供执行结果的可视化。请按照提供的教程正确配置环境,以确保数据正确显示。

2. UART 终端 - 使用UART Terminal通过USB to UART converter监视数据传输,实现Click board™与开发系统之间的直接通信。请根据项目需求配置波特率和其他串行设置,以确保正常运行。有关分步设置说明,请参考提供的教程。

3. Plot 输出 - Plot功能提供了一种强大的方式来可视化实时传感器数据,使趋势分析、调试和多个数据点的对比变得更加直观。要正确设置,请按照提供的教程,其中包含使用Plot功能显示Click board™读数的分步示例。在代码中使用Plot功能时,请使用以下函数:plot(insert_graph_name, variable_name);。这是一个通用格式,用户需要将“insert_graph_name”替换为实际图表名称,并将“variable_name”替换为要显示的参数。

软件支持
库描述
该库包含 UWB 3 Click 驱动程序的 API。
关键功能:
uwb3_send_cmd
- 此函数向 Click 模块发送指定的命令。uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter
- 此函数向 Click 模块发送带有指定参数的命令。uwb3_reset_device
- 此函数通过切换 RST 引脚状态来重置设备。
开源
代码示例
完整的应用程序代码和一个现成的项目可以通过NECTO Studio包管理器直接安装到NECTO Studio。 应用程序代码也可以在MIKROE的GitHub账户中找到。
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief UWB 3 Click Example.
*
* # Description
* This example demonstrates the use of an UWB 3 click board by showing
* the communication between the two click boards.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and configures the click board for the selected
* application mode.
*
* ## Application Task
* Reads and processes all incoming ranging block messages and displays them
* on the USB UART. One click board should be configured to initiator mode and
* the others to responder 1 or 2. The initiator click displays the address
* and distance of each responder nodes, while the responder click boards displays
* the address and distance of the initiator click board.
*
* ## Additional Function
* - static void uwb3_clear_app_buf ( void )
* - static void uwb3_log_app_buf ( void )
* - static err_t uwb3_process ( uwb3_t *ctx )
* - static err_t uwb3_display_response ( uwb3_t *ctx )
* - static err_t uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( void )
*
* @author Stefan Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "uwb3.h"
// Demo aplication selection macros
#define APP_INITIATOR 0
#define APP_RESPONDER_1 1
#define APP_RESPONDER_2 2
#define DEMO_APP APP_INITIATOR
/** INITF/RESPF parameter list and default value
* Order Config Param Default value Description
* #1 RFRAME BPRF 4 RFRAME BRFF set as per FiRa spec:
* 4 - SP3 SFD4Z, 6 - SP3 SFD4A
* #2 RSTU slot duration 2400 Duration of the slot in RSTU time units.
* 1ms = 1200 RSTU
* #3 Block duration ms 200 Duration of the FiRa ranging block in ms
* #4 Round duration slots 25 Duration of the FiRa ranging round inside
* the block
* #5 Ranging Round usage 2 0 - Not used, 1 - SS-TWR, 2 - DS-TWR
* #6 Session ID 42 Session ID
* #7 vupper64 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 Eight hexadecimal numbers, represented
* static part of the STS in FiRa standard,
* Hex values separated by ":"
* #8 Multi node mode 0 0 for unicast, 1 for multi-node configuration
* #9 Round hopping 0 0 for no round hopping, 1 for round hopping
* #10 Initiator address 0 Address of FiRa Initiator, Decimal value 0-65535
* #11 Responder address 1 Address of responder or set of addresses for
* multiple responders, Decimal value 0-65535
*/
#define INITIATOR_CONFIG "4 2400 200 25 2 42 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 1 0 0 1 2"
#define RESPONDER_1_CONFIG "4 2400 200 25 2 42 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 1 0 0 1"
#define RESPONDER_2_CONFIG "4 2400 200 25 2 42 01:02:03:04:05:06:07:08 1 0 0 2"
// Application buffer size
#define APP_BUFFER_SIZE 800
#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE 200
static uwb3_t uwb3;
static log_t logger;
static uint8_t app_buf[ APP_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;
/**
* @brief UWB 3 clearing application buffer.
* @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length.
* @note None.
*/
static void uwb3_clear_app_buf ( void );
/**
* @brief UWB 3 log application buffer.
* @details This function logs data from application buffer to USB UART.
* @note None.
*/
static void uwb3_log_app_buf ( void );
/**
* @brief UWB 3 data reading function.
* @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer.
* @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
* See #uwb3_t object definition for detailed explanation.
* @return @li @c 0 - Read some data.
* @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
* See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
* @note None.
*/
static err_t uwb3_process ( uwb3_t *ctx );
/**
* @brief UWB 3 display response function.
* @details This function reads and displays the response to previously sent command.
* @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
* See #uwb3_t object definition for detailed explanation.
* @return @li @c 0 - OK response.
* @li @c -2 - Timeout error.
* See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
*/
static err_t uwb3_display_response ( uwb3_t *ctx );
/**
* @brief UWB 3 parse ranging block function.
* @details This function parses the ranging block results from application buffer and
* displays it to the USB UART.
* @return @li @c 0 - Ranging block data parsed successfully.
* @li @c -1 - No valid ranging block data in application buffer.
* See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
*/
static err_t uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( void );
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
uwb3_cfg_t uwb3_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
uwb3_cfg_setup( &uwb3_cfg );
UWB3_MAP_MIKROBUS( uwb3_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
if ( UART_ERROR == uwb3_init( &uwb3, &uwb3_cfg ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
for ( ; ; );
}
// Clear buffers
uwb3_process( &uwb3 );
uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
// Switch to stop mode
uwb3_send_cmd ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_STOP );
uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
#if ( DEMO_APP == APP_RESPONDER_1 )
uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_RESPF, RESPONDER_1_CONFIG );
uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
log_printf( &logger, "Application Mode: Responder 1\r\n" );
#elif ( DEMO_APP == APP_RESPONDER_2 )
uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_RESPF, RESPONDER_2_CONFIG );
uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
log_printf( &logger, "Application Mode: Responder 2\r\n" );
#else
uwb3_send_cmd_with_parameter ( &uwb3, UWB3_CMD_INITF, INITIATOR_CONFIG );
uwb3_display_response ( &uwb3 );
log_printf( &logger, "Application Mode: Initiator\r\n" );
#endif
uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
if ( UWB3_OK == uwb3_process( &uwb3 ) )
{
if ( UWB3_OK == uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( ) )
{
uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
}
}
}
int main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
return 0;
}
static void uwb3_clear_app_buf ( void )
{
memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
app_buf_len = 0;
}
static void uwb3_log_app_buf ( void )
{
for ( int32_t buf_cnt = 0; buf_cnt < app_buf_len; buf_cnt++ )
{
log_printf( &logger, "%c", app_buf[ buf_cnt ] );
}
}
static err_t uwb3_process ( uwb3_t *ctx )
{
uint8_t rx_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
int32_t overflow_bytes = 0;
int32_t rx_cnt = 0;
int32_t rx_size = uwb3_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
if ( ( rx_size > 0 ) && ( rx_size <= APP_BUFFER_SIZE ) )
{
if ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) > APP_BUFFER_SIZE )
{
overflow_bytes = ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) - APP_BUFFER_SIZE;
app_buf_len = APP_BUFFER_SIZE - rx_size;
memmove ( app_buf, &app_buf[ overflow_bytes ], app_buf_len );
memset ( &app_buf[ app_buf_len ], 0, overflow_bytes );
}
for ( rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ )
{
if ( rx_buf[ rx_cnt ] )
{
app_buf[ app_buf_len++ ] = rx_buf[ rx_cnt ];
}
}
return UWB3_OK;
}
return UWB3_ERROR;
}
static err_t uwb3_display_response ( uwb3_t *ctx )
{
uint32_t timeout_cnt = 0;
uint32_t timeout = 10000;
uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
uwb3_process( ctx );
while ( ( 0 == strstr( app_buf, UWB3_RSP_OK ) ) &&
( 0 == strstr( app_buf, UWB3_RSP_ERROR ) ) )
{
uwb3_process( ctx );
if ( timeout_cnt++ > timeout )
{
uwb3_clear_app_buf( );
log_error( &logger, " Timeout!" );
return UWB3_ERROR_TIMEOUT;
}
Delay_ms( 1 );
}
Delay_ms( 100 );
uwb3_process( ctx );
uwb3_log_app_buf ( );
log_printf( &logger, "--------------------------\r\n" );
return UWB3_OK;
}
static err_t uwb3_parse_ranging_block ( void )
{
uint8_t * __generic_ptr start_block_ptr = NULL;
uint8_t * __generic_ptr end_block_ptr = NULL;
uint8_t * __generic_ptr results_ptr = NULL;
start_block_ptr = &app_buf[ 0 ];
for ( ; ; )
{
start_block_ptr = strstr( start_block_ptr, "\"Block\"" );
if ( !start_block_ptr )
{
return UWB3_ERROR;
}
end_block_ptr = strstr( start_block_ptr, "\r\n" );
if ( !end_block_ptr )
{
return UWB3_ERROR;
}
results_ptr = strstr( start_block_ptr, "\"Status\":\"Ok\"" );
if ( results_ptr && ( ( uint32_t ) results_ptr < ( uint32_t ) end_block_ptr ) )
{
log_printf( &logger, "######### " );
while ( ',' != *start_block_ptr )
{
log_printf( &logger, "%c", *start_block_ptr );
start_block_ptr++;
}
log_printf( &logger, " #########\r\n\n" );
while ( results_ptr && ( ( uint32_t ) results_ptr < ( uint32_t ) end_block_ptr ) )
{
// Display node address
results_ptr -= 16;
while ( ',' != *results_ptr )
{
log_printf( &logger, "%c", *results_ptr );
results_ptr++;
}
log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
// Display node distance
results_ptr = strstr( results_ptr, "\"D_cm\"" );
while ( ',' != *results_ptr )
{
log_printf( &logger, "%c", *results_ptr );
results_ptr++;
}
log_printf( &logger, "\r\n\n" );
results_ptr = strstr( results_ptr, "\"Status\":\"Ok\"" );
}
return UWB3_OK;
}
start_block_ptr = end_block_ptr;
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END