Design a convenient and portable charging solution with RT9480 and STM32F091RC
Recharge on the fly
Published Feb 26, 2024
Click board™
PowerBank 2 Click
Dev. board
Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU
Compiler
NECTO Studio
MCU
STM32F091RC
Supercharge your solution's charging capabilities with this compact, durable, and incredibly efficient power bank solution - the ultimate addition to your design, ensuring uninterrupted power on the go
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
PowerBank 2 Click is based on the RT9480, a highly integrated IC for Li-Ion battery power bank from Richtek. It includes a linear charger 1.2A, a synchronous Boost 5.1V, two output load management, an LED indicator, and a torch function. Based on the thermal regulation function, the charging current can support up to 1.2A If the input voltage (VBUS) is higher than the threshold voltage VOVP, the internal OVP signal will go high, and the charger will stop charging until VIN is below VOVP − ΔVOVP and if the internal voltage (VMID) is higher than the threshold voltage VOVP, the internal OVP signal will go high, and the charger will stop charging until VMID is below VOVP − ΔVOVP. The converter senses the current signal when the high-side P-MOSFET turns on. As a result, The OCP is a cycle-by-cycle current limitation. If the OCP occurs, the converter holds off the next pulse until the inductor
current drops below the OCP limit. It also has over-temperature protection. When the junction temperature exceeds the thermal shutdown rising threshold, the system will be latched, and the output voltage will no longer be regulated until the junction temperature drops under the falling threshold. In the case of output short to ground, the system will be latched, and the output voltage will no longer be regulated until the power is reset. Constant current loops, voltage loops, and thermal regulation loops control the charging current. The temperature sense input TS pin can be connected to a thermistor to determine whether the battery is too hot or cold for charging. If the battery's temperature is out of range, charging is paused until it re-enters the valid range. A 4-LED indicates battery volume and the state of charging and discharging. Together with torch-light
control, the RT9480 provides an all-in-one solution for power banks and similar applications without an external microcontroller. Detailed information about LED indicators can be found in the RT9480 datasheet. The PowerBank 2 Click is also equipped with an MCP3221, a successive approximation A/D converter (ADC) with a 12-bit resolution to monitor battery voltage over an I2C bus over a mikroBUS™ socket. This Click board™ can only be operated with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin
headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is
provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
ARM Cortex-M0
MCU Memory (KB)
256
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
64
RAM (Bytes)
32768
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Li-Polymer Battery is the ideal solution for devices that demand a dependable and long-lasting power supply while emphasizing mobility. Its compatibility with mikromedia boards ensures easy integration without additional modifications. With a voltage output of 3.7V, the battery meets the standard requirements of many electronic devices. Additionally, boasting a capacity of 2000mAh, it can store a substantial amount of energy, providing sustained power for extended periods. This feature minimizes the need for frequent recharging or replacement. Overall, the Li-Polymer Battery is a reliable and autonomous power source, ideally suited for devices requiring a stable and enduring energy solution. You can find a more extensive choice of Li-Polymer batteries in our offer.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU as your development board.
Track your results in real time
Application Output
1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.
2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.
3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for PowerBank 2 Click driver.
Key functions:
uint16_t powerbank2_read_data ( );- Function is used to read raw data from MCP3221.uint16_t powerbank2_read_voltage ( uint16_t v_ref );- Function is used to calculate voltage of the connected battery.
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* \file
* \brief Powerbank2 Click example
*
* # Description
* This single chip includes a linear charger, a synchronous Boost with dual output load
* management and a torch function support.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initalizes I2C driver and makes an initial log.
*
* ## Application Task
* This example shows the capabilities of the Power Bank 2 click
* by measuring voltage of the connected battery. In order to get correct calculations
* the user should change "v_ref" value to his own power supply voltage.
*
* \author MikroE Team
*
*/
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "powerbank2.h"
// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES
static powerbank2_t powerbank2;
static log_t logger;
static uint16_t voltage;
static uint16_t v_ref = 5000; // milivolts
// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg;
powerbank2_cfg_t cfg;
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );
// Click initialization.
powerbank2_cfg_setup( &cfg );
POWERBANK2_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
powerbank2_init( &powerbank2, &cfg );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
voltage = powerbank2_read_voltage( &powerbank2, v_ref );
log_printf( &logger, "Battery voltage: %u mV\r\n", voltage );
Delay_ms( 2000 );
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
