Intermediate
20 min

Experience a new era of seamless communication with 32001409 and STM32F031K6

Expand horizons with 915MHz: The new era of connectivity

LR 5 Click with Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Published Oct 01, 2024

Click board™

LR 5 Click

Dev. board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F031K6

Secure the future of your data transmission needs with our 915MHz transceivers, the foundation of dependable, long-range connectivity that opens doors to innovations in healthcare, transportation, and more.

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

LR 5 Click is based on the 32001409, a low-power, long-range RF technology-based transceiver module from Mipot. It offers a long-range spread spectrum communication with high interference immunity. The network is implemented as a star topology, where endpoints work in duty cycle mode, significantly reducing the overall power consumption. This Click board™ features an embedded LoRaWAN Class A and Class C compliant stack, offering an easy and reliable solution for developing low-power, highly integrated IoT networks, security systems, alarm networks, and similar applications that require simple and reliable networking solutions. This Click board™ can be configured as either END or MASTER NODE using simple AT commands. While working as the MASTER NODE, the Click board™

can use a set of master-specific commands, such as the pairing command. This command will add the end node, which requested pairing, to the master network table. While working as the END NODE, LR 5 Click can issue slave-specific commands/requests, such as the pairing request command, allowing that end node to be paired with the master. LR 5 Click communicates with MCU using the UART interface with commonly used UART RX and TX pins at data rates up to 115200bps for data transfer. In addition to these features, the 32001409 also uses several GPIO pins connected to the mikroBUS™ socket. The WK pin routed on the CS pin of the mikroBUS™ represents the Wake-up function used for waking up the device, while the RST pin on the mikroBUS™ socket can perform a Hardware Reset

function by putting this pin in a logic low state. This Click board™ also has an indicator routed on the INT pin of the mikroBUS ™ socket, which will provide the user with feedback after a successfully received package and verified checksum. LR 5 Click features the SMA antenna connector with an impedance of 50Ω, so it can be equipped with the appropriate antenna that MIKROE offers. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

LR 5 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU board provides an affordable and flexible platform for experimenting with STM32 microcontrollers in 32-pin packages. Featuring Arduino™ Nano connectivity, it allows easy expansion with specialized shields, while being mbed-enabled for seamless integration with online resources. The

board includes an on-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer, supporting USB reenumeration with three interfaces: Virtual Com port, mass storage, and debug port. It offers a flexible power supply through either USB VBUS or an external source. Additionally, it includes three LEDs (LD1 for USB communication, LD2 for power,

and LD3 as a user LED) and a reset push button. The STM32 Nucleo-32 board is supported by various Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as IAR™, Keil®, and GCC-based IDEs like AC6 SW4STM32, making it a versatile tool for developers.

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

4096

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is the perfect way to expand your development board's functionalities with STM32 Nucleo-32 pinout. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 provides two mikroBUS™ sockets to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™. We are fully stocked with everything, from sensors and WiFi transceivers to motor control and audio amplifiers. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is compatible with the STM32 Nucleo-32 board, providing an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new ideas and quickly create prototypes with any STM32 microcontrollers, choosing from the various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The STM32 Nucleo-32 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer and come with the STM32 comprehensive software HAL library and various packaged software examples. This development platform provides users with an effortless and common way to combine the STM32 Nucleo-32 footprint compatible board with their favorite Click boards™ in their upcoming projects.

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 accessories 1 image

Rubber Antenna GSM/GPRS Right Angle is the perfect companion for all GSM Click boards™ in our extensive lineup. This specialized antenna is designed to optimize your wireless connectivity with impressive features. With a wide frequency range spanning 824-894/1710-1990MHz or 890-960/1710-1890MHz, it can handle various frequency bands, ensuring a seamless and reliable connection. The antenna boasts an impedance of 50 Ohms and a gain of 2dB, enhancing signal reception and transmission. Its 70/180MHz bandwidth provides flexibility for diverse applications. The vertical polarization further enhances its performance. With a maximum input power capacity of 50W, this antenna ensures robust communication even under demanding conditions. Measuring a compact 50mm in length and featuring an SMA male connector, the Rubber Antenna GSM/GPRS Right Angle is a versatile and compact solution for your wireless communication needs.

LR 5 Click accessories image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset
PA11
RST
Wake-Up
PA4
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Data TX Indication
PA12
INT
UART TX
PA10
TX
UART RX
PA9
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

LR 5 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly
Nucleo 144 with STM32L4A6ZG MCU front image hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
STM32 M4 Clicker HA MCU/Select Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for LR 5 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • lr5_get_fw_version_cmd - This command allows user to get the 32bit firmware version.

  • lr5_get_serial_no_cmd - This command allows user to get the 32bit Mipot serial number.

  • lr5_get_session_status_cmd - This command allows user to get the module current status.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief LR5 Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This example reads and processes data from LR 5 Clicks.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes UART interface and UART interrupt, and performs a module reset commands.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Performs a group of commands to get FW version, the serial number provided by Mipot,
 * DevEUI, the session status, the activation status and the parameters for the selected channel.
 * Also sets the next transmission data rate to the desired value.
 * The responses from the Mipot module to the host will be sent to the uart terminal.
 * 
 * ## Additional Function
 * - lr5_process - The general process of collecting data the module sends.
 * - make_response - Stores data from the module to the response structure.
 * - log_response -  Sends the received response from the module to the uart terminal.
 * - wait_response - Waits until response from the module is ready and then calls the 
 *                 response logging function, or writes the error message on the uart terminal.
 * 
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "lr5.h"
#include "string.h"

#define PROCESS_COUNTER 10
#define PROCESS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE 300

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static lr5_t lr5;
static log_t logger;
lr5_cmd_t response;

// ------------------------------------------------------- ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

static void lr5_process ( void )
{
    int32_t rsp_size;
    uint8_t process_cnt = 10;
    
    uint8_t check_buf_cnt;

    while( process_cnt != 0 )
    {
        rsp_size = lr5_generic_read( &lr5, lr5.rx_dat, PROCESS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE );

        if ( rsp_size > 0 )
        {  
            // Validation of the received data
            for ( check_buf_cnt = 0; check_buf_cnt < rsp_size; check_buf_cnt++ )
            {
                lr5_uart_isr( &lr5 );
            }
        }
        else 
        {
            process_cnt--;
            
            // Process delay 
            Delay_100ms( );
        }
    }
}

void make_response ( uint8_t *rsp_code, uint8_t *rsp_length, uint8_t *rsp_data )
{
    uint8_t rsp_idx;

    response.cmd_code   = *rsp_code;
    response.cmd_length = *rsp_length;

    for ( rsp_idx = 0; rsp_idx < response.cmd_length; rsp_idx++ )
    {
        response.cmd_data[ rsp_idx ] = *rsp_data;
        rsp_data++;
    }
}

void log_response ( )
{
    uint8_t rsp_idx;
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** OPCODE : 0x%.2X\r\n", ( uint16_t ) response.cmd_code );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** RESPONSE LENGTH : 0x%.2X\r\n", ( uint16_t ) response.cmd_length );
    
    log_printf ( &logger, "** RESPONSE : " );
    for ( rsp_idx = 0; rsp_idx < response.cmd_length; rsp_idx++ )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "0x%.2X ", ( uint16_t ) response.cmd_data[ rsp_idx ] );
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
}

void wait_response ( )
{
    LR5_RETVAL resp_code;
    do
    {
        lr5_process(  );
        resp_code = lr5_response_ready( &lr5 );
    }
    while ( resp_code == LR5_RESPONSE_NOT_RECEIVED );

    resp_code = lr5_task( &lr5 );
    
    switch ( resp_code )
    {
        case LR5_CMD_RESPONSE_READY :
        {
            log_response( );
        break;
        }
        case LR5_IND_RESPONSE_READY :
        {
            log_response( );
        break;
        }
        case LR5_FRAME_HEADER_ERR :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "** Frame Header Error **\r\n" );
            log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
            log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case LR5_CMD_RESPONSE_ERR :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "** Response Code Error **\r\n" );
            log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
            log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case LR5_CHKSUM_ERR :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "** Checksum Error **\r\n" );
            log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
            log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        default :
        {
        break;
        }
    }
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    lr5_cfg_t cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );

    //  Click initialization.

    lr5_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    LR5_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    lr5_init( &lr5, &cfg );

    lr5_response_handler_set( &lr5, &make_response );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );

    lr5_reset_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    lr5_factory_reset_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** LR 5 (MIPOT 32001409) reset is done **\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    lr5_process(  );

    log_printf( &logger, "** FW version reading...\r\n" );
    lr5_get_fw_version_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** Serial number reading...\r\n" );
    lr5_get_serial_no_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** DevEUI reading...\r\n" );
    lr5_get_dev_eui_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** Session status reading...\r\n" );
    lr5_get_session_status_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    switch ( response.cmd_data[ 0 ] )
    {
        case 0x00 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Idle.\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case 0x01 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Busy (LR session running).\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case 0x02 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Device not activated.\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case 0x03 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Delayed.\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        default :
        {
        break;
        }
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** Activation status reading...\r\n" );
    lr5_get_activation_status_cmd( &lr5 );
    wait_response( );
    switch ( response.cmd_data[ 0 ] )
    {
        case 0x00 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Not activated.\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case 0x01 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Joining...\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case 0x02 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "Joined.\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        case 0x03 :
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "MAC ERROR.\r\n" );
        break;
        }
        default :
        {
        break;
        }
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** Next TX Data Rate setting...\r\n" );
    lr5_set_next_dr_cmd( &lr5, LR5_SF10_125KHZ );
    wait_response( );
    if ( response.cmd_data[ 0 ] == 0x00 )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "Success!\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "Error!\r\n" );
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "***********************************************\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** Channel parameters reading...\r\n" );
    lr5_get_ch_param_cmd( &lr5, LR5_CH_IDX_15 );
    wait_response( );
    // 10 seconds delay
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}


// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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