Intermediate
30 min

Enable instant data sharing between devices using PN7150 and ATmega328P

NFC: The secret ingredient behind smarter, faster living

NFC 2 Click with Arduino UNO Rev3

Published Feb 14, 2024

Click board™

NFC 2 Click

Dev Board

Arduino UNO Rev3

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

ATmega328P

Unleash the power of NFC and explore the boundless innovations and convenience it brings to your digital life, from instant sharing to secure transactions

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

NFC 2 Click is based on the PN7150, a high-performance full NFC solution with integrated firmware and I2C interface designed for contactless communication at 13.56 MHz from NXP Semiconductor. This board fully complies with NFC Forum specifications, which means that you will be able to use the full potential of NFC. It is the ideal solution for rapidly integrating NFC technology in any application, especially those running O/S environments like Linux and Android. It reduces size and cost thanks to embedded NFC firmware providing all NFC protocols as a pre-integrated feature and ultra-low power consumption. The PN7150 embeds a microcontroller core ARM Cortex-M0 loaded with the integrated firmware. It provides an easy integration and validation cycle as all the NFC real-time constraints, protocols, and device discovery are handled internally. The host can configure the PN7150 to notify for a card or peer detection

and start communicating with them. The core microcontroller chip of the PN7150 can run without any external clock (based on an internal oscillator). However, the 13.56MHz RF field carrier accuracy requirements are not compatible with using an internal oscillator. The PN7150 has an external crystal oscillator connected to its XTAL pins. It also has four power states: Monitor, Hard Power Down (HPD), Standby, and Active. The PN7150 will continuously switch between different power states at the application level to optimize the current consumption. The PN7150 is designed to allow the host controller to have full control over its operation, thus, of the power consumption of the PN7150 and the possibility to restrict parts of the PN7150 functionality. More information about these modes user can be found in the attached datasheet. NFC 2 Click communicates with MCU using the standard I2C 2-Wire interface with a clock frequency of up to 100kHz in the Standard,

up to 400kHz in the Fast, and up to 3.4MHz in the High-Speed Mode. The PN7150 also allows the choice of the least significant bit (LSB) of its I2C slave address by positioning SMD jumpers labeled as ADDR SEL to an appropriate position marked as 0 and 1. To enable and ensure data flow control between PN7150 and the host controller, a dedicated interrupt line labeled INT is provided so that the Active state is programmable. It also contains a Reset function and the RF antenna used to communicate over RF with a Tag (Card), Reader/Writer, or Peer device. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

NFC 2 Click top side image
NFC 2 Click bottom side image

Features overview

Development board

Arduino UNO is a versatile microcontroller board built around the ATmega328P chip. It offers extensive connectivity options for various projects, featuring 14 digital input/output pins, six of which are PWM-capable, along with six analog inputs. Its core components include a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an

ICSP header, and a reset button, providing everything necessary to power and program the board. The Uno is ready to go, whether connected to a computer via USB or powered by an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. As the first USB Arduino board, it serves as the benchmark for the Arduino platform, with "Uno" symbolizing its status as the

first in a series. This name choice, meaning "one" in Italian, commemorates the launch of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. Initially introduced alongside version 1.0 of the Arduino Software (IDE), the Uno has since become the foundational model for subsequent Arduino releases, embodying the platform's evolution.

Arduino UNO Rev3 double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

AVR

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

28

RAM (Bytes)

2048

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Arduino UNO has two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the Arduino UNO board without effort. The Arduino Uno, a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, provides an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new concepts and build prototypes with the ATmega328P microcontroller from various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which six can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and reset button. Most of the ATmega328P microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the Arduino UNO board with our Click Shield for Arduino UNO, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset
PD2
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Interrupt
PC3
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PC5
SCL
I2C Data
PC4
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Schematic

NFC 2 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Arduino UNO Rev3 as your development board.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly
Arduino UNO Rev3 front image hardware assembly
Barometer 13 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Arduino UNO Rev3 MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Arduino UNO MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

After loading the code example, pressing the "DEBUG" button builds and programs it on the selected setup.

Application Output Step 1

After programming is completed, a header with buttons for various actions available in the IDE appears. By clicking the green "PLAY "button, we start reading the results achieved with Click board™.

Application Output Step 3

Upon completion of programming, the Application Output tab is automatically opened, where the achieved result can be read. In case of an inability to perform the Debug function, check if a proper connection between the MCU used by the setup and the CODEGRIP programmer has been established. A detailed explanation of the CODEGRIP-board connection can be found in the CODEGRIP User Manual. Please find it in the RESOURCES section.

Application Output Step 4

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for NFC 2 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • nfc2_hw_reset - HW reset function.

  • nfc2_core_set_protocol_config - Set protocol configuration function.

  • nfc2_cmd_card_disconnected - Card disconnected command function.

Open Source

Code example

This example can be found in NECTO Studio. Feel free to download the code, or you can copy the code below.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief NFC2 Click example
 *
 * # Description
 * This is an example which demonstrates the usage of NFC 2 Click board.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initialization driver enables - I2C,
 * hw reset, reseteting and initialize core, disabling standby mode, 
 * starting test procedure, set configuration and start discovery, also write log.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * NFC 2 Click board can be used for detection of RFiD tag
 * and displays it's value via USART terminal.
 * All data logs write on USB uart changes for every 1 sec.
 *
 * Additional Functions :
 *  -void display_packet ( control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) - Display packet log data.
 *  -void display_nfc_data ( control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) - Display packet log data.
 *  -void nfc2_read_nfc_data ( nfc2_t *ctx, control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) - Read nfc data function.
 *  -void nfc2_test_antenna ( nfc2_t *ctx, control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) - Testing Antenna function.
 * 
 * @author Stefan Ilic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "nfc2.h"

static nfc2_t nfc2;
static log_t logger;
uint8_t n_cnt;

control_packet_t ctrl_pck_data;

/**
 * @brief NFC 2 display packet function.
 * @details This function displays data values.
 */
void display_packet ( control_packet_t *ctrl_pck );

/**
 * @brief NFC 2 display nfc data function.
 * @details This function displays nfc data values.
 */
void display_nfc_data ( control_packet_t *ctrl_pck );

/**
 * @brief NFC 2 read nfc data function.
 * @details This function reads nfc data and displays data.
 */
void nfc2_read_nfc_data ( nfc2_t *ctx, control_packet_t *ctrl_pck );

/**
 * @brief NFC 2  test antena function.
 * @details This function tests antenna and displays data.
 */
void nfc2_test_antenna ( nfc2_t *ctx, control_packet_t *ctrl_pck );

void application_init ( void ) {
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    nfc2_cfg_t nfc2_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    nfc2_cfg_setup( &nfc2_cfg );
    NFC2_MAP_MIKROBUS( nfc2_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    err_t init_flag = nfc2_init( &nfc2, &nfc2_cfg );
    if ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag ) {
        log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
        log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );

        for ( ; ; );
    }

    log_printf( &logger, "        HW Reset       \r\n" );
    nfc2_hw_reset( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, " Reset and Init. Core  \r\n" );
    nfc2_cmd_core_reset( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_cmd_core_init( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    display_packet( &ctrl_pck_data );

    while ( nfc2_check_irq( &nfc2 ) == NFC2_IRQ_STATE_HIGH );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, " Disabling Standby Mode \r\n" );
    nfc2_cmd_disable_standby_mode( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    display_packet( &ctrl_pck_data );

    nfc2_test_antenna( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "Starting Test Procedure\r\n" );
    nfc2_cmd_test_procedure( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    display_packet( &ctrl_pck_data );

    nfc2_hw_reset( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "       NFC Config.     \r\n" );
    nfc2_default_cfg ( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "     Discovery Start   \r\n" );
    nfc2_cmd_start_discovery( &nfc2 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    display_packet( &ctrl_pck_data );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "-------- START --------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    Delay_ms( 500 );

    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}

void application_task ( void ) {
    while ( nfc2_check_irq( &nfc2 ) == NFC2_IRQ_STATE_HIGH ) {
        nfc2_read_nfc_data ( &nfc2, &ctrl_pck_data );
    }

    while ( nfc2_check_irq( &nfc2 ) == NFC2_IRQ_STATE_LOW );

    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    Delay_ms( 1000 );
}

void main ( void ) {
    application_init( );

    for ( ; ; ) {
        application_task( );
    }
}

void display_packet ( control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) {
    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, " Message Type   = %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->message_type );
    log_printf( &logger, " Pck Bound Flag = %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->pck_bound_flag );
    log_printf( &logger, " Group Ident    = %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->group_ident );
    log_printf( &logger, " Opcode Ident   = %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->opcode_ident );
    log_printf( &logger, " Payload Length = %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->payload_length );
    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );

    for ( n_cnt = 0; n_cnt < ctrl_pck_data.payload_length; n_cnt++ ) {
        log_printf( &logger, " Payload[ %.2d ]  = 0x%.2X\r\n", ( uint16_t ) n_cnt, ( uint16_t ) ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck_data.payload[ n_cnt ]  );
    }

    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
    memset( ctrl_pck_data.payload, 0x00, 255 );
}

void display_nfc_data ( control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) {
    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n");
    log_printf( &logger, " Read Block:\r\n");

    for ( n_cnt = 1; n_cnt < ctrl_pck->payload_length - 2; n_cnt++ ) {
        log_printf( &logger, "\t 0x%.2X \r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->payload[ n_cnt ] );
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "\t 0x%.2X \r\n", ( uint16_t ) ctrl_pck->payload[ ctrl_pck->payload_length - 2 ] );

    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
    memset( ctrl_pck->payload, 0x00, 255 );
}

void nfc2_read_nfc_data ( nfc2_t *ctx, control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ){
    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_activate_rmt_mifare_card( ctx );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 10 );

    while ( nfc2_check_irq( ctx ) == NFC2_IRQ_STATE_LOW );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    nfc2_cmd_authenticate_sector( ctx, 0x30 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 10 );

    while ( nfc2_check_irq( ctx ) == NFC2_IRQ_STATE_LOW );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    display_nfc_data( ctrl_pck );
    log_printf( &logger, "    Disconnect Card    \r\n" );
    nfc2_cmd_card_disconnected( ctx );
    Delay_ms( 10 );
    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 10 );

    while ( nfc2_check_irq( ctx ) == NFC2_IRQ_STATE_LOW );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
}

void nfc2_test_antenna ( nfc2_t *ctx, control_packet_t *ctrl_pck ) {
    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "    Testing Antenna    " );
    nfc2_cmd_antenna_test( ctx, 0x01 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_cmd_antenna_test( ctx, 0x07 );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    nfc2_cmd_antenna_test( ctx, 0x0F );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    nfc2_read_ctrl_packet_data( ctx, ctrl_pck );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    display_packet( ctrl_pck );
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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