Intermediate
30 min

Enhance your electrical control with TPS22918 and ATmega328P combo

Revolutionize your electrical control with solid-state relays

SolidSwitch Click with Arduino UNO Rev3

Published Feb 14, 2024

Click board™

SolidSwitch Click

Dev. board

Arduino UNO Rev3

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

ATmega328P

Experience a new era of electrical control with our solid-state relay innovations, designed to meet the demands of modern technology

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

SolidSwitch Click is based on the TPS22918, a 5.5V 2A load switch from Texas Instruments. To reduce voltage drop for low voltage and high current rails, every TPS22918 implements a low resistance N-channel MOSFET, reducing the drop-out voltage across the device. An ON/OFF input on the ON pin of the TPS22918 controls the switches. The ON pin is compatible with the standard GPIO logic threshold and can be used with any MCU with 1V or higher GPIO voltage. That’s why the control of all switches is established via the port expander, the MAX7323. This Click board™ is designed to operate from an external supply voltage range from 1V to 5.5V. The TPS22918 works regardless of power sequencing order. The order in which

voltages are applied to the VIN terminal and ON pin of the load switch will not damage the device as long as the voltages stay within the absolute maximum operating conditions. SolidSwitch Click communicates with MCU through the MAX7323 port expander using the standard I2C 2-Wire interface with a frequency of up to 400kHz. It also has two address pins (A0 and A1) programmed by the user to determine the value of the last two LSBs of the slave address, selected by onboard SMD jumpers labeled as ADDR SEL to an appropriate position marked as 0 and 1, allowing selection of the slave address LSBs. Also, this Click board™ has a Reset pin, routed to the RST pin on the mikroBUS™ socket, which clears the serial

interface in case of a bus lockup, terminating any serial transaction to or from the MAX7323. Also, it uses an additional pin, the INT pin of the mikroBUS™ socket, which automatically flags data changes on any of the I/O ports of the MAX7323 used as inputs. The interrupt output INT and all transition flags are de-asserted when the MAX7323 is accessed through the serial interface. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

SolidSwitch Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Arduino UNO is a versatile microcontroller board built around the ATmega328P chip. It offers extensive connectivity options for various projects, featuring 14 digital input/output pins, six of which are PWM-capable, along with six analog inputs. Its core components include a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an

ICSP header, and a reset button, providing everything necessary to power and program the board. The Uno is ready to go, whether connected to a computer via USB or powered by an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. As the first USB Arduino board, it serves as the benchmark for the Arduino platform, with "Uno" symbolizing its status as the

first in a series. This name choice, meaning "one" in Italian, commemorates the launch of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. Initially introduced alongside version 1.0 of the Arduino Software (IDE), the Uno has since become the foundational model for subsequent Arduino releases, embodying the platform's evolution.

Arduino UNO Rev3 double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

AVR

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

28

RAM (Bytes)

2048

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Arduino UNO has two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the Arduino UNO board without effort. The Arduino Uno, a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, provides an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new concepts and build prototypes with the ATmega328P microcontroller from various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which six can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and reset button. Most of the ATmega328P microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the Arduino UNO board with our Click Shield for Arduino UNO, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset
PD2
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Interrupt
PC3
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PC5
SCL
I2C Data
PC4
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

SolidSwitch Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Arduino UNO Rev3 as your development board.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly
Arduino UNO Rev3 front image hardware assembly
Charger 27 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Charger 27 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Arduino UNO MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for SolidSwitch Click driver.

Key functions:

  • solidswitch_write_single - SolidSwitch I2C writing logic state function.

  • solidswitch_read_single - SolidSwitch I2C reading logic state function.

  • solidswitch_reset - Click Default Configuration function.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief SolidSwitch Click example
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of SolidSwitch Click board.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes the driver and logger and enables the Click board.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Enables different outputs every 3 seconds and displays all enabled 
 * outputs on USB UART.
 *
 * @author Stefan Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "solidswitch.h"

static solidswitch_t solidswitch;
static log_t logger;

/**
 * @brief Displays all enabled channels on USB UART.
 * @details This function reads logic state of outputs and 
 *          displays all enabled channels on USB UART.
 * 
 * @return None.
 * @note None.
 */
static void solidswitch_display_enabled_channels ( void );

void application_init ( void ) 
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    solidswitch_cfg_t solidswitch_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.

    solidswitch_cfg_setup( &solidswitch_cfg );
    SOLIDSWITCH_MAP_MIKROBUS( solidswitch_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    err_t init_flag = solidswitch_init( &solidswitch, &solidswitch_cfg );
    if ( init_flag == I2C_MASTER_ERROR ) 
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
        log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );

        for ( ; ; );
    }

    solidswitch_default_cfg ( &solidswitch );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}

void application_task ( void ) 
{
    solidswitch_write_single ( &solidswitch, SOLIDSWITCH_ENABLE_OUT0 | SOLIDSWITCH_ENABLE_OUT1 );
    solidswitch_display_enabled_channels( );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    solidswitch_write_single ( &solidswitch, SOLIDSWITCH_ENABLE_OUT6 | SOLIDSWITCH_ENABLE_OUT7 );
    solidswitch_display_enabled_channels( );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    solidswitch_write_single ( &solidswitch, SOLIDSWITCH_ENABLE_ALL_OUTPUTS );
    solidswitch_display_enabled_channels( );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    solidswitch_write_single ( &solidswitch, SOLIDSWITCH_DISABLE_ALL_OUTPUTS );
    solidswitch_display_enabled_channels( );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

static void solidswitch_display_enabled_channels ( void )
{
    uint8_t logic_state;
    uint8_t enabled_flag = 0;
    
    solidswitch_read_single ( &solidswitch, &logic_state );
    log_printf( &logger, " Outputs enabled: " );
    for ( uint8_t cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++ )
    {
        if ( logic_state & 1 )
        {
            if ( enabled_flag == 1 )
            {
                log_printf( &logger, ", %u", ( uint16_t ) cnt );
            }
            else
            {
                log_printf( &logger, " %u", ( uint16_t ) cnt );
            }
            enabled_flag = 1;
        }
        logic_state >>= 1;
    }
    
    if ( enabled_flag == 0 )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " none" );
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n-----------------------\r\n" );
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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