Super-efficient audio power amplifier based on proprietary multi-level switching technology
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
AudioAmp 8 Click is based on the MA12070, a super-efficient audio power amplifier based on proprietary multi-level switching technology that enables low power loss during operation from Infineon Technologies. The MA12070 has an intelligent power management algorithm that applies automatic power mode selection during audio playback. In this state, the amplifier will seamlessly transition between three different power modes depending on the audio level to achieve optimal power loss, audio performance, and EMI. Alternatively, it is also possible to manually select the desired power mode for the MA12070 via a serial interface. The MA12070 communicates with MCU using the standard I2C 2-Wire interface that supports Standard (100 kHz) and Fast (400 kHz) modes of operation. It has a 7-bit slave address with the first five MSBs fixed to 01000. The user programs the address pins and determines the value of the last two LSBs
of the slave address, which can be selected by positioning onboard SMD jumpers labeled as ADDR SEL to an appropriate position marked as 0 or 1. This Click board™ supports an external power supply for the motor, which can be connected to the input terminal labeled as VIN and should be within the range of 6V to 26V, while the input audio can be brought to the input jack labeled as AUDIO IN and after specific processing reproduced on the speakers of the desired channel SPK OUT. The MA12070 is highly flexible regarding the configuration of the four power amplifier channels. It can be set to four different output configurations by setting the configuration pins MS0 and MS1, routed to the INT and PWM pins of the mikroBUS™ socket. In addition to these pins, this Click board™ uses a few more pins of the mikroBUS™ socket. The Enable pin, labeled as EN and routed to the CS pin of the mikroBUS™ socket, optimizes power consumption
used for power ON/OFF purposes, while the MUT pin routed to the RST pin allows users to mute audio on connected speakers. Besides, it is possible to detect operational irregularities, such as overcurrent and short-circuit detection. An indication of such a condition is performed using the red LED indicator labeled as ERROR, alongside an audio clipping indication accomplished using the blue LED indicator marked CLIP, indicating when audio output is close to clipping. This Click board™ can only be operated with a 5V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

Features overview
Development board
Nucleo-64 with STM32G071RB MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin
headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is
provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU

Architecture
ARM Cortex-M0
MCU Memory (KB)
128
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
64
RAM (Bytes)
36864
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic

Step by step
Project assembly
Track your results in real time
Application Output
1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for Audio Amp 8 Click driver.
Key functions:
audioamp8_cfg_setup
- Config Object Initialization function.audioamp8_init
- Initialization function.audioamp8_default_cfg
- Click Default Configuration function.
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief AudioAmp8 Click example
*
* # Description
* This library contains API for AudioAmp 8 Click driver.
* The library initializes and defines the I2C bus drivers
* to write and read data from registers.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* The initialization of I2C module, log UART, and additional pins.
* After the driver init and executing a default configuration,
* the app performs a BTL signal configuration, configures power mode
* and configures power mode profile.
*
* ## Application Task
* This is an example that shows the use of a AudioAmp 8 Click board™.
* Displays status monitoring for channel 0 or channel 1.
* This task repeats once every 2 seconds.
*
* ## Additional Function
* - static void channel_status_monitoring ( uint8_t ch_sel ) - The function displays the status monitoring channel.
*
* @author Nenad Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "audioamp8.h"
static audioamp8_t audioamp8;
static log_t logger;
static audioamp8_pwr_mon_cfg_t pwr_mode;
static audioamp8_pwr_mod_profile_cfg_t pm_profile;
static audioamp8_monitor_channel_t ch_mon;
static void channel_status_monitoring ( uint8_t ch_sel )
{
audioamp8_channel_monitoring( &audioamp8, ch_sel, &ch_mon );
Delay_ms ( 100 );
log_printf( &logger, " Frequency mode : %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ch_mon.freq_mode );
log_printf( &logger, " Power mode : %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ch_mon.pwr_mode );
log_printf( &logger, " Channel %d mute : ", ( uint16_t ) ch_sel );
if ( ch_mon.mute_mon == AUDIOAMP8_SET_ENABLE )
{
log_printf( &logger, "ON\r\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, "OFF\r\n" );
}
log_printf( &logger, " Channel %d VDD : ", ( uint16_t ) ch_sel );
if ( ch_mon.vdd_mon == AUDIOAMP8_SET_ENABLE )
{
log_printf( &logger, "ON\r\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, "OFF\r\n" );
}
log_printf( &logger, " Channel %d PVDD : ", ( uint16_t ) ch_sel );
if ( ch_mon.pvdd_mon == AUDIOAMP8_SET_ENABLE )
{
log_printf( &logger, "ON\r\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, "OFF\r\n" );
}
log_printf( &logger, " Cfly1 protection : " );
if ( ch_mon.cfly1_mon == AUDIOAMP8_SET_ENABLE )
{
log_printf( &logger, "ON\r\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, "OFF\r\n" );
}
log_printf( &logger, " Cfly2 protection : " );
if ( ch_mon.cfly2_mon == AUDIOAMP8_SET_ENABLE )
{
log_printf( &logger, "ON\r\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, "OFF\r\n" );
}
log_printf( &logger, " Current protection: " );
if ( ch_mon.ovc_prot == AUDIOAMP8_SET_ENABLE )
{
log_printf( &logger, "ON\r\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, "OFF\r\n" );
}
log_printf( &logger, " Modulation index : %d\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ch_mon.modul_index_mon );
log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------\r\n" );
}
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
audioamp8_cfg_t audioamp8_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
audioamp8_cfg_setup( &audioamp8_cfg );
AUDIOAMP8_MAP_MIKROBUS( audioamp8_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
err_t init_flag = audioamp8_init( &audioamp8, &audioamp8_cfg );
if ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag )
{
log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );
for ( ; ; );
}
if ( AUDIOAMP8_ERROR == audioamp8_default_cfg ( &audioamp8 ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------\r\n" );
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
channel_status_monitoring( AUDIOAMP8_SET_MON_CH_0 );
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}
int main ( void )
{
/* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
#ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
preinit();
#endif
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
return 0;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END