Intermediate
20 min

Ensure faster, safer, and more versatile charging for your devices with TPS25750S and STM32F091RC

Plug, play, and power up!

USB-C Power Click with Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Published Feb 26, 2024

Click board™

USB-C Power Click

Dev. board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F091RC

Our USB Type-C PD controller unleashes the full potential of USB Type-C, allowing you to charge, transfer data, and connect to a world of peripherals like never before.

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

USB-C Power Click is based on the TPS25750S, a USB Type-C and Power Delivery (PD) controller from Texas Instruments, providing cable plug and orientation detection for a single USB Type-C connector. The TPS25750S communicates on the CC wire upon cable detection using the USB PD protocol. When cable detection and USB PD negotiation are complete, the TPS25750S enables the appropriate power path for sourcing or sinking power on the USB IN-OUT connector, depending on the set configuration. The TPS25750S is highly optimized for applications supporting USB-C PD Power and provides robust protection and fully managed internal power paths (5V/3A with 36mΩ sourcing switch). The second USB connector, marked with 5V IN, serves to supply 5V voltage in the form of a USB connection, which is necessary for the internal 5V sourcing power path. This Click board™ communicates with MCU using the standard I2C 2-Wire interface to read data and configure settings with a maximum frequency of 400kHz. In addition, it also possesses an additional

interrupt signal routed on the IRQ pin of the mikroBUS™ socket. Besides the I2C port for communication with the host MCU, the TPS25750S has one additional I2C interface in Master configuration with a maximum frequency of 400kHz, which will connect to the battery charger like BQ25792 for example (or external EEPROM), to communicate the proper configurations to set it up for charging mode, charging current, OTG mode, and many more. The BQ25792 is a fully integrated switch-mode buck-boost charger for 1-4 cell Li-ion and Li-polymer batteries, allowing users to source or sink high power up to 3A. The necessary power supply and lines for communication with the battery charger are located on unpopulated headers on the right side of the board. Thanks to the onboard ADC jumpers, the TPS25750S can set the dead battery configuration and the I2C slave address for the PD controller based on their position. Two offered dead battery configurations are Safe mode and Always Enable Sink. The Safe mode does not

enable the sink path, and USB PD is disabled until the configuration is loaded. In the Always Enable Sink mode, the device enables the sink path, regardless of the current amount the attached source offers. The USB PD is disabled until the configuration is loaded. This Click board™ also features two GPIO signals, located on unpopulated headers, that are user-defined for status and control information. GPIO pins can be mapped to USB Type-C, USB PD, and application-specific events to control other ICs, interrupt a host processor, or receive input from other ICs. Along with the GPIOs, it also has two LED indicators, IO0 and IO1, for the realization of visual detection of some anomalies or statuses during operation. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

USB-C Power Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin

headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is

provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.

Nucleo 64 with STM32F091RC MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

256

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

64

RAM (Bytes)

32768

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
NC
NC
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Interrupt
PC14
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PB8
SCL
I2C Data
PB9
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

USB-C Power Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image hardware assembly
Nucleo 64 with STM32F401RE MCU front image hardware assembly
LTE IoT 5 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
LTE IoT 5 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Nucleo-64 with STM32XXX MCU Access MB 1 Mini B Conn - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Clicker 4 for STM32F4 HA MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for USB-C Power Click driver.

Key functions:

  • usbcpower_get_status - USB-C Power gets status function.

  • usbcpower_get_pwr_status - USB-C Power gets PWR status function.

  • usbcpower_start_patch_burst_mode - USB-C Power starts the patch burst mode function.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief USB-C Power Click example
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of the USB-C Power Click board™
 * by configuring the PD controller to attempt to become a Power Source.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * The initialization of I2C module, log UART, and additional pins.
 * After the driver init, the app executes a default configuration,
 * depending on PD Device Mode, the app performs the patch bundle update tasks
 * for loading a patch bundle in burst mode to the PD controller.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * The application display status information about 
 * the PD controller data role and power of the connection.
 * Results are being sent to the UART Terminal, where you can track their changes.
 * 
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void usbcpower_display_status ( void )
 * - static void usbcpower_display_pwr_status ( void )
 *
 * @note
 * For the advanced configuration, use the TPS25750 Application Customization Tool:
 * https://dev.ti.com/gallery/search/TPS25750_Application_Customization_Tool
 *
 * @author Nenad Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "usbcpower.h"

static usbcpower_t usbcpower;
static log_t logger;
static uint32_t response;
static usbcpower_status_t status;
static usbcpower_pwr_status_t pwr_status;

/**
 * @brief USB-C Power display status function.
 * @details This function display status information.
 * @return Nothing.
 * @note None.
 */
static void usbcpower_display_status ( void );

/**
 * @brief USB-C Power display PWR status function.
 * @details This function display power of the connection status information.
 * @return Nothing.
 * @note None.
 */
static void usbcpower_display_pwr_status ( void );

void application_init ( void ) 
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    usbcpower_cfg_t usbcpower_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    usbcpower_cfg_setup( &usbcpower_cfg );
    USBCPOWER_MAP_MIKROBUS( usbcpower_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    if ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == usbcpower_init( &usbcpower, &usbcpower_cfg ) ) 
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    if ( USBCPOWER_ERROR == usbcpower_default_cfg ( &usbcpower ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    usbcpower_set_patch_mode( &usbcpower, &response );
    if ( USBCPOWER_RSP_OK != response )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Go to Patch Mode." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    uint8_t device_mode[ 6 ] = { 0 };
    usbcpower_get_device_mode( &usbcpower, &device_mode );
    log_printf( &logger, " PD Device Mode: %s\r\n", &device_mode[ 1 ] );
    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------------\r\n" );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    
    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
    log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------------\r\n" );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
}

void application_task ( void ) 
{
    if ( USBCPOWER_OK == usbcpower_get_status( &usbcpower, &status ) )
    {
        if ( USBCPOWER_OK == usbcpower_get_pwr_status( &usbcpower, &pwr_status ) )
        {
            usbcpower_display_status( );
            log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
            usbcpower_display_pwr_status( );
            log_printf( &logger, "-----------------------------\r\n" );
        }
    }
    Delay_ms( 3000 );
}

void main ( void ) 
{
    application_init( );

    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }
}

static void usbcpower_display_status ( void )
{
    if ( status.plug_present )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " A plug is connected.\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " No plug is connected\r\n" );
    }
    
    if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_NO_CONNECTION == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " No connection.\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_PORT_DISABLED == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Port is disabled.\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_AUDIO_CONNECTION == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Audio connection (Ra/Ra).\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_DEBUG_CONNECTION == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Debug connection (Rd/Rd).\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_NO_CONNECTION_Ra == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " No connection, Ra detected (Ra but no Rd).\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_RESERVED == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Reserved (may be used for Rp/Rp Debug connection).\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_STATUS_CONNECT_NO_Ra == status.conn_state )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Connection present, no Ra detected.\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Connection present, Ra detected.\r\n" );
    }
    
    if ( status.plug_orientation )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Upside-down orientation.\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Upside-up orientation.\r\n" );
    }
    
    if ( status.port_role )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " PD Controller is Source.\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " PD Controller is in the Sink role.\r\n" );
    }
}

static void usbcpower_display_pwr_status ( void )
{
    if ( pwr_status.pwr_conn )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Connection present.\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " No connection.\r\n" );
    }
    
    if ( USBCPOWER_PWR_STATUS_USB == pwr_status.type_c_current )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " USB Default Current.\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_PWR_STATUS_TYPE_C_1_5A  == pwr_status.type_c_current )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Type-C Current: 1.5 A\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_PWR_STATUS_TYPE_C_3_0A  == pwr_status.type_c_current )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Type-C Current: 3.0 A\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "Explicit PD contract sets current.\r\n" );
    }
    
    if ( USBCPOWER_PWR_STATUS_CHG_ADV_DISABLE == pwr_status.charger_advertise )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Charger advertise disabled or not run.\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_PWR_STATUS_CHG_ADV_PROCESS == pwr_status.charger_advertise )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " Charger advertisement in process.\r\n" );
    }
    else if ( USBCPOWER_PWR_STATUS_CHG_ADV_COMPLETE == pwr_status.charger_advertise )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "Charger advertisement complete.\r\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "Reserved.\r\n" );
    }
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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