Intermediate
30 min

Redefine fan control with MAX31760 and STM32L432KC

Stay cool, stay in control

Fan 2 Click with Nucleo 32 with STM32L432KC MCU

Published Oct 01, 2024

Click board™

Fan 2 Click

Dev Board

Nucleo 32 with STM32L432KC MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32L432KC

Command your fans with precision and finesse

A

A

Hardware Overview

How does it work?

Fan 2 Click is based on the MAX31760, a precision fan-speed controller from Analog Devices. It can measure temperature and adjust the fan speed to keep the temperature at the same level. Fan 2 Click can also control two fans at the same time. This Click board™ is designed to run on either 3.3V or 5V power supply. It communicates with the target microcontroller over the I2C interface, with additional functionality provided by the following pins on the mikroBUS™ line: INT, AN, RST, and CS. For example, you can set the limit at 25°C, and if the temperature goes over that, the Click board™ will activate the fan; it will keep working until the temperature is 25°C again. The MAX31760 integrates temperature sensing along with

precision PWM fan control. It accurately measures its local die temperature and the remote temperature of a discrete diode-connected transistor, such as a 2N3906 or a thermal diode commonly found on CPUs, graphics processor units (GPUs), and other ASICs. Multiple temperature thresholds, such as local high/overtemperature (OT) and remote high/overtemperature, can be set by an I2C-compatible interface. Fan speed is controlled based on the temperature reading as an index to a 48-byte lookup table (LUT) containing user-programmed PWM values. The flexible LUT-based architecture enables users to program a smooth nonlinear fan speed vs. temperature transfer

function to minimize acoustic fan noise. Two tachometer inputs allow for measuring the speeds of two fans independently. The Click board™ carries a 10-pole terminal block that allows easy connection for pairs of two, three, or four-wire DC fans on the standard way of connection via PWM, TACH, GND, and VFAN lines. A single onboard jumper setting enables a two or 3-wire fan connection. In addition, there are two points (DXP, DXN) on the same terminal for external temperature sensor connection. The click communicates with the MCU over a data interface voltage level of 3.3V only.

Fan 2 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo 32 with STM32L432KC MCU board provides an affordable and flexible platform for experimenting with STM32 microcontrollers in 32-pin packages. Featuring Arduino™ Nano connectivity, it allows easy expansion with specialized shields, while being mbed-enabled for seamless integration with online resources. The

board includes an on-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer, supporting USB reenumeration with three interfaces: Virtual Com port, mass storage, and debug port. It offers a flexible power supply through either USB VBUS or an external source. Additionally, it includes three LEDs (LD1 for USB communication, LD2 for power,

and LD3 as a user LED) and a reset push button. The STM32 Nucleo-32 board is supported by various Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as IAR™, Keil®, and GCC-based IDEs like AC6 SW4STM32, making it a versatile tool for developers.

Nucleo 32 with STM32L432KC MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M4

MCU Memory (KB)

256

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

65536

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is the perfect way to expand your development board's functionalities with STM32 Nucleo-32 pinout. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 provides two mikroBUS™ sockets to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™. We are fully stocked with everything, from sensors and WiFi transceivers to motor control and audio amplifiers. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is compatible with the STM32 Nucleo-32 board, providing an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new ideas and quickly create prototypes with any STM32 microcontrollers, choosing from the various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The STM32 Nucleo-32 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer and come with the STM32 comprehensive software HAL library and various packaged software examples. This development platform provides users with an effortless and common way to combine the STM32 Nucleo-32 footprint compatible board with their favorite Click boards™ in their upcoming projects.

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

Alert
PA0
AN
Shutdown
PA11
RST
Fan Fault
PA4
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Interrupt
PA12
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PB6
SCL
I2C Data
PB7
SDA
Power supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Schematic

Fan 2 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 32 with STM32L432KC MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly
Nucleo 144 with STM32L4A6ZG MCU front image hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Nucleo-32 with STM32 MCU Access MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
STM32 M4 Clicker HA MCU/Select Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output via Debug Mode

1. Once the code example is loaded, pressing the "DEBUG" button initiates the build process, programs it on the created setup, and enters Debug mode.

2. After the programming is completed, a header with buttons for various actions within the IDE becomes visible. Clicking the green "PLAY" button starts reading the results achieved with the Click board™. The achieved results are displayed in the Application Output tab.

DEBUG_Application_Output

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for Fan 2 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • fan2_generic_write_byte - Generic Byte Write function

  • fan2_read_tacho - Tachometer Read function

  • fan2_direct_speed_control - Direct Fan Speed Control function

Open Source

Code example

This example can be found in NECTO Studio. Feel free to download the code, or you can copy the code below.

/*!
 * \file main.c
 * \brief Fan 2 Click example
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of Fan 2 Click board.
 * It demonstrates sensor measurements and fan control.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes I2C driver and executes a default configuration for Fan 2 click.
 * Also initializes UART logger for results logging.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Increments the fan speed from half speed to maximum, and on each step measures
 * the current fan speed in RPM and the remote temperature in Celsius.
 * Fan speed will be incremented/decremented each second for 10 percents.
 *
 * \author Nemanja Medakovic
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "fan2.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static fan2_t fan2;
static log_t logger;
static float fan2_speed;
static uint16_t fan2_curr_speed;
static float fan2_temp;
static uint8_t flag;

static char deg_cels[ 3 ] = { 176, 'C', 0 };

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init( void )
{
    fan2_cfg_t fan2_cfg;
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );
    
    //  Click initialization.
    fan2_cfg_setup( &fan2_cfg );
    FAN2_MAP_MIKROBUS( fan2_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    fan2_init( &fan2, &fan2_cfg );
    
    fan2_default_cfg( &fan2 );
    fan2_speed = FAN2_HALF_SPEED_PER;
    Delay_ms( 1000 );

    log_printf( &logger, "* * *  Fan 2 initialization done  * * *\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "***************************************\r\n" );
    flag = 0;
}

void application_task( void )
{
    fan2_direct_speed_control( &fan2, fan2_speed );

    Delay_ms( 1000 );
    fan2_read_tacho( &fan2, FAN2_REG_TACH1_CNT, &fan2_curr_speed );
    
    fan2_read_temp( &fan2, FAN2_REG_REMOTE_TEMP_READ, &fan2_temp );

    log_printf( &logger, "* Fan 2 set speed : %.2f %%\r\n", fan2_speed );
    log_printf( &logger, "* Fan 2 current speed : %u RPM\r\n", fan2_curr_speed );
    log_printf( &logger, "* Fan 2 remote temperature : %.2f %s\r\n", fan2_temp, deg_cels );
    log_printf( &logger, "***************************************\r\n" );
    
    if ( flag == 0 ) {
        if ( fan2_speed < FAN2_MAX_SPEED_PER)
            fan2_speed += 10;
        else
            flag = 1;
    }
    
    if ( flag == 1 ) {
        if ( fan2_speed > FAN2_MIN_SPEED_PER)
            fan2_speed -= 10;
        else {
            fan2_speed = FAN2_HALF_SPEED_PER;
            flag = 0;
        }
    }
}

void main( void )
{
    application_init( );

    for ( ; ; )
    {
        application_task( );
    }
}


// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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