Intermediate
30 min

Combine powerful BW16 with ATmega644 for various WiFi and Bluetooth applications

Experience WiFi freedom today!

WiFi 11 Click with EasyAVR v7

Published Jul 29, 2023

Click board™

WiFi 11 Click

Dev. board

EasyAVR v7

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

ATmega644

Achieve a seamless and fast internet experience, and ensure uninterrupted connectivity and smooth communication across all your devices

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

WiFi 11 Click is based on the BW16, a low-power dual-band Wireless LAN (WLAN) and Bluetooth Low Energy SoC module from Ai-Thinker. The BW16 module represents a highly integrated WiFi and Bluetooth SOC based on the RTL8720DN, a highly integrated Single-Chip with a low power dual bands (2.4GHz and 5GHz), Wireless LAN (WLAN), and Bluetooth Low Energy (v5.0). It consists of a high-performance MCU (ARM V8M, Cortex-M4F instruction compatible) named KM4, a low-power MCU (ARM V8M, Cortex-M0 instruction compatible) named KM0, WLAN (802.11 a/b/g/n) MAC, a 1T1R capable WLAN baseband, RF, Bluetooth, and other peripherals. The BW16 integrates internal memories for complete WIFI and BLE 5.0 protocol functions. The

embedded memory configuration also provides simple application developments. WiFi 11 Click communicates with MCU using the UART interface at 57600 bps as its default communication protocol. Still, it also allows the user to use other interfaces, such as SPI and I2C if he wants to configure the module and write the library himself. A jumper JP1 on this Click board™ also enables the necessary pull-up resistors on the SCL and SDA lines of I2C communication. After initializing the primary module and before any program uploading, the user should write network and TCP server parameters. Additional functionality, such as the Chip Enable button labeled as RST, used to Enable or put the module in Shut-Down mode, is provided and routed at the

EN pin of the mikroBUS™ socket. Alongside this pin, this Click board™ has one general purpose pin GP1 routed at the INT pin of the mikroBUS™ socket, which can be used in various cases like interrupt or other purposes. WiFi 11 Click also has an additional header with UART RX0 and TX0 module pins on itself and a button labeled as LOG_TX, which can be used for Firmware Updates or as a low-power mode Wake-Up function. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.

WiFi 11 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

EasyAVR v7 is the seventh generation of AVR development boards specially designed for the needs of rapid development of embedded applications. It supports a wide range of 16-bit AVR microcontrollers from Microchip and has a broad set of unique functions, such as a powerful onboard mikroProg programmer and In-Circuit debugger over USB. The development board is well organized and designed so that the end-user has all the necessary elements in one place, such as switches, buttons, indicators, connectors, and others. With four different connectors for each port, EasyAVR v7 allows you to connect accessory boards, sensors, and custom electronics more

efficiently than ever. Each part of the EasyAVR v7 development board contains the components necessary for the most efficient operation of the same board. An integrated mikroProg, a fast USB 2.0 programmer with mikroICD hardware In-Circuit Debugger, offers many valuable programming/debugging options and seamless integration with the Mikroe software environment. Besides it also includes a clean and regulated power supply block for the development board. It can use a wide range of external power sources, including an external 12V power supply, 7-12V AC or 9-15V DC via DC connector/screw terminals, and a power source via the USB Type-B (USB-B)

connector. Communication options such as USB-UART and RS-232 are also included, alongside the well-established mikroBUS™ standard, three display options (7-segment, graphical, and character-based LCD), and several different DIP sockets which cover a wide range of 16-bit AVR MCUs. EasyAVR v7 is an integral part of the Mikroe ecosystem for rapid development. Natively supported by Mikroe software tools, it covers many aspects of prototyping and development thanks to a considerable number of different Click boards™ (over a thousand boards), the number of which is growing every day.

EasyAVR v7 horizontal image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

ATmega644

Architecture

AVR

MCU Memory (KB)

64

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

40

RAM (Bytes)

4096

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Chip Enable
PA6
RST
SPI Chip Select
PA5
CS
SPI Clock
PB7
SCK
SPI Data OUT
PB6
MISO
SPI Data IN
PB5
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
General Purpose I/O
PD2
INT
UART TX
PD1
TX
UART RX
PD0
RX
I2C Clock
PC0
SCL
I2C Data
PC1
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

WiFi 11 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

EasyAVR v7 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the EasyAVR v7 as your development board.

EasyAVR v7 front image hardware assembly
GNSS2 Click front image hardware assembly
EasyAVR v7 Access DIP MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
NECTO Compiler Selection Step Image hardware assembly
NECTO Output Selection Step Image hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Necto DIP image step 7 hardware assembly
EasyPIC PRO v7a Display Selection Necto Step hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Necto PreFlash Image hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for WiFi 11 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • wifi11_send_cmd - Send command function

  • wifi11_create_tcp_udp_server - Create TCP/UDP server function

  • wifi11_connect_to_ap - Connect to AP function

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief Wifi11 Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This example reads and processes data from WiFi 11 Clicks.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes the driver and powers up the module, then connects to the desired AP
 * and creates TCP and UDP servers on the desired local port.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Logs all the received data and module's responses on the USB UART.
 * 
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void wifi11_clear_app_buf ( void )
 * - static void wifi11_error_check( err_t error_flag )
 * - static void wifi11_log_app_buf ( void )
 * - static err_t wifi11_rsp_check ( void )
 * - static err_t wifi11_process ( void )
 * 
 * @note 
 * In order for the example to work, user needs to set the AP SSID, password, and Local port
 * on which the TCP and UDP servers will be created.
 * Enter valid data for the following macros: AP_SSID, AP_PASSWORD and LOCAL_PORT.
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "wifi11.h"
#include "string.h"

#define APP_OK                              0
#define APP_ERROR_DRIVER                    -1
#define APP_ERROR_OVERFLOW                  -2
#define APP_ERROR_TIMEOUT                   -3

#define RSP_OK                              "OK"
#define RSP_ERROR                           "ERROR"

#define AP_SSID                             ""   // Set AP SSID
#define AP_PASSWORD                         ""   // Set AP password - if the AP is OPEN remain this NULL
#define LOCAL_PORT                          1    // Set Local port on which the TCP and UDP servers will be created.

#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE                 500

static wifi11_t wifi11;
static log_t logger;

static char app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ]  = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len                  = 0;
static int32_t app_buf_cnt                  = 0;

static err_t app_error_flag;


/**
 * @brief WiFi 11 clearing application buffer.
 * @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length and counter.
 * @note None.
 */
static void wifi11_clear_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief WiFi 11 data reading function.
 * @details This function reads data from device and appends data to application buffer.
 * 
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
 *         @li @c -2 - Application buffer overflow.
 *
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t wifi11_process ( void );

/**
 * @brief WiFi 11 check for errors.
 * @details This function checks for different types of errors and logs them on UART.
 * @note None.
 */
static void wifi11_error_check( err_t error_flag );

/**
 * @brief WiFi 11 logs application buffer.
 * @details This function logs data from application buffer.
 * @note None.
 */
static void wifi11_log_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief WiFi 11 response check.
 * @details This function checks for response and returns the status of response.
 * 
 * @return application status.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t wifi11_rsp_check ( void );

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    wifi11_cfg_t cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );

    //  Click initialization.

    wifi11_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    WIFI11_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    wifi11_init( &wifi11, &cfg );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    wifi11_reset_device( &wifi11 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    
    // dummy read
    wifi11_process( );
    wifi11_clear_app_buf( );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n ---- Common commands ---- \r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Test AT command ready
    wifi11_send_cmd( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_AT );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    // Query version info
    wifi11_send_cmd( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_ATSV );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n ---- WiFi commands ---- \r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Set WiFi mode - Station
    wifi11_send_cmd_with_parameter( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_ATPW, "1" );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Connect to AP
    wifi11_connect_to_ap( &wifi11, AP_SSID, AP_PASSWORD );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Wifi information
    wifi11_send_cmd( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_ATW );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n ---- TCP/IP commands ---- \r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Create TCP Server
    wifi11_create_tcp_udp_server( &wifi11, WIFI11_TCP_MODE, LOCAL_PORT );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Create UDP Server
    wifi11_create_tcp_udp_server( &wifi11, WIFI11_UDP_MODE, LOCAL_PORT );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Enable auto receive data mode
    wifi11_send_cmd_with_parameter( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_ATPK, "1" );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    // Check network connection status
    wifi11_send_cmd( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_ATPI );
    app_error_flag = wifi11_rsp_check( );
    wifi11_error_check( app_error_flag );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "\r\n ---- Please connect to the TCP/UDP server listed above via" );
    log_printf( &logger, " a TCP/UDP client ---- \r\n" );                            
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    wifi11_process( );
    wifi11_log_app_buf( );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

static void wifi11_clear_app_buf ( void )
{
    memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
    app_buf_len = 0;
    app_buf_cnt = 0;
}

static err_t wifi11_process ( void )
{
    err_t return_flag = APP_ERROR_DRIVER;
    int32_t rx_size;
    char rx_buff[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
    
    rx_size = wifi11_generic_read( &wifi11, rx_buff, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );

    if ( rx_size > 0 )
    { 
        int32_t buf_cnt = 0;
        return_flag = APP_OK;

        if ( app_buf_len + rx_size >= PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE )
        {
            wifi11_clear_app_buf(  );
            return_flag = APP_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
        }
        else
        {
            buf_cnt = app_buf_len;
            app_buf_len += rx_size;
        }

        for ( int32_t rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ )
        {
            if ( rx_buff[ rx_cnt ] != 0 ) 
            {
                app_buf[ ( buf_cnt + rx_cnt ) ] = rx_buff[ rx_cnt ];
            }
            else
            {
                app_buf_len--;
                buf_cnt--;
            }
        }
    } 

    return return_flag;
}

static err_t wifi11_rsp_check ( void )
{
    uint16_t timeout_cnt = 0;
    uint16_t timeout = 10000;
    
    err_t error_flag = wifi11_process(  );
    
    if ( ( error_flag != 0 ) && ( error_flag != -1 ) )
    {
        return error_flag;
    }
    
    while ( ( strstr( app_buf, RSP_OK ) == 0 ) && ( strstr( app_buf, RSP_ERROR ) == 0 ) )
    {
        error_flag = wifi11_process(  );
        if ( ( error_flag != 0 ) && ( error_flag != -1 ) )
        {
            return error_flag;
        }
        
        timeout_cnt++;
        if ( timeout_cnt > timeout )
        {
            while ( ( strstr( app_buf, RSP_OK ) == 0 ) && ( strstr( app_buf, RSP_ERROR ) == 0 ) )
            {
                wifi11_send_cmd( &wifi11, WIFI11_CMD_AT );
                wifi11_process(  );
                Delay_ms ( 100 );
            }
            wifi11_clear_app_buf(  );
            return APP_ERROR_TIMEOUT;
        }
        
        Delay_ms ( 1 );
    }
    
    wifi11_log_app_buf();
    
    return APP_OK;
}

static void wifi11_error_check( err_t error_flag )
{
    if ( ( error_flag != 0 ) && ( error_flag != -1 ) )
    {
        switch ( error_flag )
        {
            case -2:
                log_error( &logger, " Overflow!" );
                break;
            case -3:
                log_error( &logger, " Timeout!" );
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

static void wifi11_log_app_buf ( void )
{
    for ( int32_t buf_cnt = 0; buf_cnt < app_buf_len; buf_cnt++ )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "%c", app_buf[ buf_cnt ] );
    }
    
    wifi11_clear_app_buf(  );
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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