Discover the enhanced security of a full-duplex RS-485 interface with ADM2867E and PIC32MZ2048EFM100
The silent guardian of data integrity
Published Oct 19, 2023
Click board™
RS485 Isolator 2 Click
Dev Board
Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF
Compiler
NECTO Studio
MCU
PIC32MZ2048EFM100
Full isolation and full-duplex communication - the combination that unlocks seamless data exchange without any compromises. Learn how it's done with RS485 transceiver.
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
RS485 Isolator 2 Click is based on ADM2867E from Analog Devices. It includes a flexible integrated dc-to-dc converter optimized for low radiated emissions (EMI). The isolated dc-to-dc converter is constructed of a set of chip scale coplanar coils that are separated by an insulating material. By exciting the upper coil with an ac signal, power is magnetically coupled across the isolation barrier where it is rectified and regulated. Because no direct electrical connection exists between the top and bottom coil, the primary and secondary side of the device remain galvanically isolated. The integrated dc-to-dc converter is optimized to minimize radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI), and allows designers to meet the CISPR22/EN55022 Class B requirements on a 2-layer PCB. The ADM2867E features a proprietary transmitter architecture with a low driver output impedance, resulting in an increased differential
output voltage. This architecture is particularly useful when operating the device at lower data rates over long cable runs, where the dc resistance of the transmission line dominates signal attenuation. In these applications, the increased differential voltage extends the reach of the device to longer cable lengths. The RS485 Isolator 2 features separate digital logic pins, IND and INR, to correct cases where the driver and/or receiver are wired incorrectly. Use the IND pin to correct driver functionality when Y and Z are wired incorrectly. Use the INR pin to correct receiver functionality when A and B are wired incorrectly. When the receiver is inverted, the device maintains a Logic 1 receiver output with a 30 mV noise margin when inputs are shorted together or open circuit. The standard RS-485 receiver input impedance is 12 kΩ (1 unit load), and the standard driver can drive up to 32 unit loads. The ADM2867E transceiver has a
1/6 unit load receiver input impedance (72 kΩ), allowing up to 196 transceivers to be connected in parallel on one communication line. Any combination of these devices and other RS-485 transceivers with a total of 32 unit loads or fewer can be connected to the line.
The integrated isoPower isolated dc-to-dc converter requires up to 10 ms to power up to its set point of 3.3 V or 5 V. During this start-up time, it is not recommended to assert the DE driver enable signal. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF development board is a fully integrated 32-bit development platform featuring the high-performance PIC32MZ EF Series (PIC32MZ2048EFM) that has a 2MB Flash, 512KB RAM, integrated FPU, Crypto accelerator, and excellent connectivity options. It includes an integrated programmer and debugger, requiring no additional hardware. Users can expand
functionality through MIKROE mikroBUS™ Click™ adapter boards, add Ethernet connectivity with the Microchip PHY daughter board, add WiFi connectivity capability using the Microchip expansions boards, and add audio input and output capability with Microchip audio daughter boards. These boards are fully integrated into PIC32’s powerful software framework, MPLAB Harmony,
which provides a flexible and modular interface to application development a rich set of inter-operable software stacks (TCP-IP, USB), and easy-to-use features. The Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF development board offers expansion capabilities making it an excellent choice for a rapid prototyping board in Connectivity, IOT, and general-purpose applications.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
PIC32
MCU Memory (KB)
2048
Silicon Vendor
Microchip
Pin count
100
RAM (Bytes)
524288
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF as your development board.
Track your results in real time
Application Output
This Click board can be interfaced and monitored in two ways:
Application Output- Use the "Application Output" window in Debug mode for real-time data monitoring. Set it up properly by following this tutorial.
UART Terminal- Monitor data via the UART Terminal using a USB to UART converter. For detailed instructions, check out this tutorial.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for RS485 Isolator 2 Click driver.
Key functions:
rs485isolator2_send_bit_by_bit- Bit by bit write function.rs485isolator2_set_re_pin- Set RE ( reset ) pin state.rs485isolator2_set_de_pin- Set DE ( cs ) pin state.
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* \file
* \brief Rs485Isolator2 Click example
*
* # Description
* This example reads and processes data from RS485 Isolator 2 clicks.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and enables the selected mode.
*
* ## Application Task
* Depending on the selected mode, it reads all the received data or sends the desired message
* every 2 seconds.
*
* ## Additional Function
* - rs485isolator2_process ( ) - The general process of collecting the received data.
*
* @note
* Wire connection guide : Driver(Master) Slave
* Y -> A
* Z -> B
* \author MikroE Team
*
*/
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "rs485isolator2.h"
#include "string.h"
#define PROCESS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE 500
#define TEXT_TO_SEND "MikroE\r\n"
// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES
#define DEMO_APP_RECEIVER
// #define DEMO_APP_TRANSMITTER
static rs485isolator2_t rs485isolator2;
static log_t logger;
// ------------------------------------------------------- ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
static void rs485isolator2_process ( void )
{
int32_t rsp_size;
char uart_rx_buffer[ PROCESS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
uint8_t check_buf_cnt;
rsp_size = rs485isolator2_generic_read( &rs485isolator2, uart_rx_buffer, PROCESS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE );
if ( rsp_size > 0 )
{
log_printf( &logger, "Received data: " );
for ( check_buf_cnt = 0; check_buf_cnt < rsp_size; check_buf_cnt++ )
{
log_printf( &logger, "%c", uart_rx_buffer[ check_buf_cnt ] );
}
}
Delay_ms( 100 );
}
// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg;
rs485isolator2_cfg_t cfg;
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );
// Click initialization.
rs485isolator2_cfg_setup( &cfg );
RS485ISOLATOR2_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
rs485isolator2_init( &rs485isolator2, &cfg );
Delay_ms( 100 );
#ifdef DEMO_APP_RECEIVER
rs485isolator2_set_re_pin( &rs485isolator2, RS485ISOLATOR2_ENABLE_RE );
rs485isolator2_set_de_pin( &rs485isolator2, RS485ISOLATOR2_DISABLE_DE );
log_info( &logger, "---- Receiver mode ----" );
#endif
#ifdef DEMO_APP_TRANSMITTER
rs485isolator2_set_de_pin( &rs485isolator2, RS485ISOLATOR2_ENABLE_DE );
rs485isolator2_set_re_pin( &rs485isolator2, RS485ISOLATOR2_DISABLE_RE );
log_info( &logger, "---- Transmitter mode ----" );
#endif
Delay_ms( 100 );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
#ifdef DEMO_APP_RECEIVER
rs485isolator2_process( );
#endif
#ifdef DEMO_APP_TRANSMITTER
rs485isolator2_generic_write( &rs485isolator2, TEXT_TO_SEND, 8 );
log_info( &logger, "---- Data sent ----" );
Delay_ms( 2000 );
#endif
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
