Drive single-coil reversible DC fans and motors with ZXBM5210 and ATmega328P
Unleash smooth and precise motion
Published Feb 14, 2024
Click board™
DC Motor 16 Click
Dev Board
Arduino UNO Rev3
Compiler
NECTO Studio
MCU
ATmega328P
Do you want to control handheld power tools easily? Add this brushed motor control solution and transform your project!
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
DC Motor 16 Click is based on the ZXBM5210, a single-chip solution for driving single-coil reversible direct current (DC) fans and motors from Diodes Incorporated. The driver output stage is designed to minimize audible switching noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI), ensuring a low-noise solution. The device has four motor operation modes: Standby, Forward, Reverse, and Brake Mode. These four modes are controlled by the FWD and REV pins routed to the RST and PWM pins of the mikroBUS™ used for controlling the motor rotation directions. All the internal circuits are turned off in the Standby mode to minimize power consumption, while the Brake mode allows the motor to stop quickly. The power consumption in the Standby mode is less than in the Brake mode. The signal change should be completed within 125μs to prevent the ZXBM5210 from entering the Standby mode during mode changes. The ZXBM5210 also possesses three modes of motor speed
control: VREF speed control mode, PWM speed control mode, and motor speed control by adjusting the supply voltage. Motor speed can be controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal while keeping the supply voltage pin at the nominal motor voltage or can be controlled by varying the supply voltage while the FWD and REV pins are set to either a logic high or low depending on needed motor direction. In PWM Mode, the input voltage on the Vref pin of the ZXBM5210 must be greater than or equal to the supply voltage value. The motor speed of the ZXBM5210 can be controlled by adjusting the DC voltage on the Vref pin. For this purpose, the DC Motor 16 click employs the MCP4161 digital potentiometer from Microchip, which allows setting the corresponding voltage value via the SPI serial interface. The potentiometer terminal B is fixed to the Zero-Scale wiper value (which corresponds to a wiper value of 0x00 for both 7-bit and 8-bit devices), while the
potentiometer terminal A is fixed connected to the Full-Scale wiper value (which corresponds to a wiper value of 0x100 for 8-bit devices or 0x80 for 7-bit devices). For this reason, it was chosen that when the user selects 0x100 as the desired value, the value on the Vref pin takes the value of supply voltage from the mikroBUS™ (VCC), while in the case of selecting 0x00 on the Vref pin value is equal to the 0.2*VCC. In this mode, FWD and REV pins are only used for direction control, and therefore high-frequency PWM control signal should not be applied to those pins. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Arduino UNO is a versatile microcontroller board built around the ATmega328P chip. It offers extensive connectivity options for various projects, featuring 14 digital input/output pins, six of which are PWM-capable, along with six analog inputs. Its core components include a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button, providing everything necessary to power and program the board. The Uno is ready to go, whether connected to a computer via USB or powered by an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. As the first USB Arduino board, it serves as the benchmark for the Arduino platform, with "Uno" symbolizing its status as the
first in a series. This name choice, meaning "one" in Italian, commemorates the launch of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. Initially introduced alongside version 1.0 of the Arduino Software (IDE), the Uno has since become the foundational model for subsequent Arduino releases, embodying the platform's evolution.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
AVR
MCU Memory (KB)
32
Silicon Vendor
Microchip
Pin count
28
RAM (Bytes)
2048
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Arduino UNO has two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the Arduino UNO board without effort. The Arduino Uno, a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, provides an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new concepts and build prototypes with the ATmega328P microcontroller from various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which six can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and reset button. Most of the ATmega328P microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the Arduino UNO board with our Click Shield for Arduino UNO, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
DC Gear Motor - 430RPM (3-6V) represents an all-in-one combination of a motor and gearbox, where the addition of gear leads to a reduction of motor speed while increasing the torque output. This gear motor has a spur gearbox, making it a highly reliable solution for applications with lower torque and speed requirements. The most critical parameters for gear motors are speed, torque, and efficiency, which are, in this case, 520RPM with no load and 430RPM at maximum efficiency, alongside a current of 60mA and a torque of 50g.cm. Rated for a 3-6V operational voltage range and clockwise/counterclockwise rotation direction, this motor represents an excellent solution for many functions initially performed by brushed DC motors in robotics, medical equipment, electric door locks, and much more.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Arduino UNO Rev3 as your development board.
Track your results in real time
Application Output
This Click board can be interfaced and monitored in two ways:
Application Output- Use the "Application Output" window in Debug mode for real-time data monitoring. Set it up properly by following this tutorial.
UART Terminal- Monitor data via the UART Terminal using a USB to UART converter. For detailed instructions, check out this tutorial.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for DC Motor 16 Click driver.
Key functions:
void dcmotor16_set_direction( uint8_t dir )- Set motor directionvoid dcmotor16_ctrl_vref( uint16_t value )- Control motor VRef (speed)void dcmotor16_stop( void )- Motor stop
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief DCMotor16 Click example
*
* # Description
* This example shows the capabilities of the DC Motor 16 click board.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initialization driver init.
*
* ## Application Task
* Start motor example with change in motor direction and speed.
*
* @author Stefan Ilic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "dcmotor16.h"
static dcmotor16_t dcmotor16;
static log_t logger;
void application_init ( void ) {
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
dcmotor16_cfg_t dcmotor16_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
dcmotor16_cfg_setup( &dcmotor16_cfg );
DCMOTOR16_MAP_MIKROBUS( dcmotor16_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
err_t init_flag = dcmotor16_init( &dcmotor16, &dcmotor16_cfg );
if ( SPI_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag ) {
log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void ) {
uint16_t cnt;
log_printf( &logger, ">> Motor start with direction [FORWARD] <<\r\n" );
dcmotor16_set_direction( &dcmotor16, DCMOTOR16_DIR_FORWARD );
for( cnt = 0; cnt <= 0x0100; cnt+= 25 ) {
dcmotor16_ctrl_vref( &dcmotor16, cnt );
Delay_ms( 250 );
}
Delay_ms( 2000 );
log_printf( &logger, ">> Motor stop \r\n" );
dcmotor16_stop( &dcmotor16 );
Delay_ms( 1000 );
log_printf( &logger, ">> Motor start with direction [BACKWARD] <<\r\n" );
dcmotor16_set_direction( &dcmotor16, DCMOTOR16_DIR_BACKWARD );
for( cnt = 0; cnt <= 0x0100; cnt+= 25 ) {
dcmotor16_ctrl_vref( &dcmotor16, cnt );
Delay_ms( 250 );
}
Delay_ms( 2000 );
log_printf( &logger, ">> Motor stop \r\n" );
dcmotor16_stop( &dcmotor16 );
Delay_ms( 1000 );
}
void main ( void ) {
application_init( );
for ( ; ; ) {
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
