Manage numerous analog signals with MAX14661 and ATmega328P
One path, many destinations
Published Feb 14, 2024
Click board™
MUX 5 Click
Dev Board
Arduino UNO Rev3
Compiler
NECTO Studio
MCU
ATmega328P
Streamline the connection of multiple analog signals onto a single transmission path, enhancing efficiency and reducing complexity in data transmission
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
MUX 5 Click is based on the MAX14661, a serially controlled, dual-channel analog multiplexer from Analog Devices. It allows any 16 pins to be connected to any common pins, routed to the AN or INT pins of the mikroBUS™ socket, simultaneously in any combination. The MAX14661 features Beyond-the-Rails™ capability, which mainly simplifies an analog design by eliminating the need for multiple power rails and allows ±5.5V signals to be passed with any supply configuration. It integrates bias circuitry to switch high-voltage (±25V) signals while operating from a low-voltage supply with low on-resistance and fast bandwidth speeds. This Click board™ is ideal for
audio and data multiplexing, interface termination, switching, industrial measurement, and instrumentation systems. The MAX14661 allows for the use of both I2C and SPI interfaces. Both modes provide individual control of each independent switch so that any combination of switches can be applied. The selection can be made by positioning SMD jumpers labeled as COMM SEL in an appropriate position. Note that all the jumpers' positions must be on the same side, or the Click board™ may become unresponsive. While the I2C interface is selected, the MAX14661 allows choosing the least significant bit (LSB) of its I2C slave address using the SMD jumper labeled
ADDR SEL. This Click board™ also possesses an additional active-low shutdown pin, routed to the RST pin on the mikroBUS™ socket. When this pin is set to a low logic state, all registers are cleared, all switches are open, and the serial interface is not functional. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Arduino UNO is a versatile microcontroller board built around the ATmega328P chip. It offers extensive connectivity options for various projects, featuring 14 digital input/output pins, six of which are PWM-capable, along with six analog inputs. Its core components include a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button, providing everything necessary to power and program the board. The Uno is ready to go, whether connected to a computer via USB or powered by an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. As the first USB Arduino board, it serves as the benchmark for the Arduino platform, with "Uno" symbolizing its status as the
first in a series. This name choice, meaning "one" in Italian, commemorates the launch of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. Initially introduced alongside version 1.0 of the Arduino Software (IDE), the Uno has since become the foundational model for subsequent Arduino releases, embodying the platform's evolution.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
AVR
MCU Memory (KB)
32
Silicon Vendor
Microchip
Pin count
28
RAM (Bytes)
2048
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Arduino UNO has two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the Arduino UNO board without effort. The Arduino Uno, a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, provides an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new concepts and build prototypes with the ATmega328P microcontroller from various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which six can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and reset button. Most of the ATmega328P microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the Arduino UNO board with our Click Shield for Arduino UNO, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Arduino UNO Rev3 as your development board.
Track your results in real time
Application Output via Debug Mode
1. Once the code example is loaded, pressing the "DEBUG" button initiates the build process, programs it on the created setup, and enters Debug mode.
2. After the programming is completed, a header with buttons for various actions within the IDE becomes visible. Clicking the green "PLAY" button starts reading the results achieved with the Click board™. The achieved results are displayed in the Application Output tab.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for MUX 5 Click driver.
Key functions:
mux5_i2c_write_register- This function writes a desired data to the selected register by using I2C serial interfacemux5_i2c_read_register- This function reads data from the selected register by using I2C serial interfacemux5_set_channels_state- This function sets a desired @b ch_state of the channels selected with @b ch_mask
Open Source
Code example
This example can be found in NECTO Studio. Feel free to download the code, or you can copy the code below.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief MUX 5 Click example
*
* # Description
* This example demonstrates the use of MUX 5 click board by mapping the common connection
* A and B to different channels every 5 seconds.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and performs the click default configuration.
*
* ## Application Task
* Maps the common connection A and B to different channels every 5 seconds, and displays
* the channels state on the USB UART.
*
* @author Stefan Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "mux5.h"
static mux5_t mux5;
static log_t logger;
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
mux5_cfg_t mux5_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
mux5_cfg_setup( &mux5_cfg );
MUX5_MAP_MIKROBUS( mux5_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
if ( MUX5_OK != mux5_init( &mux5, &mux5_cfg ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
for ( ; ; );
}
if ( MUX5_OK != mux5_default_cfg ( &mux5 ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
static uint8_t ch_num = 0;
if ( MUX5_OK == mux5_set_channels_state ( &mux5, MUX5_CHANNEL_ALL, MUX5_CHANNEL_STATE_HIGH_Z ) )
{
log_printf ( &logger, " All channels disconnected\r\n" );
}
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
if ( MUX5_OK == mux5_set_channels_state ( &mux5, MUX5_CHANNEL_1 << ch_num, MUX5_CHANNEL_STATE_COM_A ) )
{
log_printf ( &logger, " Channel %u connected to COM_A\r\n", ( uint16_t ) ( ch_num + 1 ) );
}
if ( MUX5_OK == mux5_set_channels_state ( &mux5, MUX5_CHANNEL_16 >> ch_num, MUX5_CHANNEL_STATE_COM_B ) )
{
log_printf ( &logger, " Channel %u connected to COM_B\r\n\n", ( uint16_t ) ( 16 - ch_num ) );
}
if ( ++ch_num >= 16 )
{
ch_num = 0;
}
Delay_ms ( 4000 );
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
