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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
ADC 9 Click is based on MCP3564, a 24-bit Delta-Sigma Analog-to-Digital Converter with a programmable data rate of up to 153.6ksps from Microchip. The MCP3564 is fully configurable with Oversampling Ratio (OSR) from 32 to 98304 and gain from 1/3x to 64x. It includes an internal sequencer (SCAN mode) with multiple monitor channels and a 24-bit timer to automatically create conversion loop sequences without needing MCU communications. Advanced security features, such as CRC and register map lock, can ensure configuration locking and integrity and communication data integrity for secure environments. ADC 9 Click comes with a 20 MHz SPI-compatible serial interface. Communication is simplified with 8-bit commands, including various Continuous Read/Write modes and 24/32-bit multiple data formats that can be accessed by the Direct Memory Access (DMA) of an 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit MCU.
The noise value generally increases when the temperature increases, as thermal noise is dominant for all OSRs larger than 32. For high OSR settings (>512), the thermal noise is dominant and increases proportionally to the square root of the absolute temperature. The noise performance is also a function of the measurement duration. The peak-to-peak noise is usually reduced for short-duration measurements (low number of consecutive samples) because the crest factor (ratio between the RMS noise and peak-to-peak noise) is reduced. This feature is only a consequence of the noise distribution being Gaussian by nature. ADC 9 Click use MCP3564 IC with a fully configurable analog input dual multiplexer that can select which input is connected to each of the two differential input pins (VIN+/VIN-) of the Delta-Sigma ADC. Each of these multiplexers includes the same possibilities for the input selection so that the ADC can convert any
required combination of input voltages. The analog multiplexer comprises parallel low-resistance input switches turned on or off depending on the input channel selection. Their resistance is negligible compared to the input impedance of the ADC (caused by the charge and discharge of the input sampling capacitors on the VIN+/VIN- ADC inputs). ADC 9 Click also features MCP1501, a low drift bandgap-based voltage reference from Microchip for precision data acquisition systems. The bandgap uses chopper-based amplifiers, effectively reducing the drift to zero. This Click board™ can only be operated with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Discovery kit with STM32F407VG MCU, powered by the STM32F407 microcontroller, simplifies audio application development. It offers a robust platform with features like the ST-LINK/V2-A debugger, STMEMS digital accelerometer, digital microphone, and integrated audio DAC with a class D speaker driver. It has LEDs, push buttons, and a USB OTG
Micro-AB connector for versatile connectivity. The STM32F407VGT6 MCU boasts a 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 with FPU, 1MB Flash memory, and 192KB RAM, housed in an LQFP100 package. Equipped with USB OTG FS, MEMS accelerometer, omnidirectional digital microphone, and user-friendly buttons, it ensures seamless operation.
The board accommodates various add-ons via extension headers while offering flexible power supply options, including ST-LINK, USB VBUS, or external sources. Supported by comprehensive free software and a range of IDEs, it empowers developers with flexibility and ease of use, making it an ideal choice for audio-centric projects.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
ARM Cortex-M4
MCU Memory (KB)
10
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
100
RAM (Bytes)
100
You complete me!
Accessories
STM32F4 Discovery Shield is the perfect extension for your STM32F4 Discovery Board from STMicroelectronics. This versatile shield features four mikroBUS™ host sockets, a USB-UART module, and a CAN transceiver, expanding the capabilities of your Discovery board. Acting as a docking station, the STM32F4 Discovery Shield enables you to effortlessly transform your board into various applications, whether it's an RFID lock, SMS-triggered control switch, GPS tracking device, full-blown weather station, or any other idea you have in mind. With its seamless integration and enhanced functionality, this shield empowers you to explore endless possibilities and quickly bring your projects to life.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Track your results in real time
Application Output via Debug Mode
1. Once the code example is loaded, pressing the "DEBUG" button initiates the build process, programs it on the created setup, and enters Debug mode.
2. After the programming is completed, a header with buttons for various actions within the IDE becomes visible. Clicking the green "PLAY" button starts reading the results achieved with the Click board™. The achieved results are displayed in the Application Output tab.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for ADC 9 Click driver.
Key functions:
uint8_t adc9_write_fast_cmd ( uint8_t dev_adr, uint8_t cmd );
- Function is used to execute fast command.uint8_t adc9_read_def_adc ( uint8_t dev_adr, int32_t *rd_data );
- Function is used to read ADC value when the default fata format is applied.float adc9_volt_calc ( int32_t adc_val, uint16_t v_ref, uint8_t gain );
- Function is used to calculate voltage based on ADC values.
Open Source
Code example
This example can be found in NECTO Studio. Feel free to download the code, or you can copy the code below.
/*!
* \file
* \brief Adc9 Click example
*
* # Description
* This click is 8th channel analog to digital converter expansion board, usefull for projects
* where we have demand for multi channel ADC conversion such as microcontrollers with small
* number or none analog inputs. It offers integrated features, such as internal oscillator,
* temperature sensor and burnout sensor detection, in order to reduce system component count
* and total solution cost.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initalizes SPI driver, resets and starts the device, and makes an initial log.
*
* ## Application Task
* This is an example that shows the capabilities of the ADC 9 click by calculating voltage level
* based on ADC from channels 0(positive) and 1(negative), and logs the result.
*
* ## Additional Function
* - void measurement_init ( adc9_t *ctx, adc9_rw_t *rw ) - Measurement Initialization function
* is used to easily apply desired settings, in this case device is set to read ADC value
* from channels 0 (positive) and 1 (negative) with default data format, gain, boost and internal clock.
*
* ## NOTE
* Depending on the VOLT SEL jumper position on the click board the user needs to set VREF
* macro value (mV) in the code.
*
* \author MikroE Team
*
*/
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "adc9.h"
#define VREF 2048
// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES
static adc9_t adc9;
static adc9_rw_t adc9_rw;
static log_t logger;
int32_t adc_value;
float m_volts;
// ------------------------------------------------------- ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
// Measurement Initialization function
void measurement_init ( adc9_t *ctx, adc9_rw_t *rw )
{
uint8_t cfg_data;
uint32_t cfg_data_l;
uint32_t dummy_data;
rw->dev_adr = ADC9_DEVICE_ADR;
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_ADC_DATA;
rw->cmd = ADC9_CMD_INC_READ;
adc9_read_u32( ctx, rw, &dummy_data );
Delay_ms( 1 );
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_CFG_0;
cfg_data = ADC9_CFG_0_VREF_SEL_0 | ADC9_CFG_0_CLK_SEL_2 |
ADC9_CFG_0_CS_SEL_0 | ADC9_CFG_0_MODE_CONV;
adc9_write_u8( ctx, rw, cfg_data );
Delay_ms( 1 );
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_CFG_1;
cfg_data = ADC9_CFG_1_PRE_1 | ADC9_CFG_1_OSR_32 | ADC9_CFG_1_DITHER_DEF;
adc9_write_u8( ctx, rw, cfg_data );
Delay_ms( 1 );
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_CFG_2;
cfg_data = ADC9_CFG_2_BOOST_X_1 | ADC9_CFG_2_GAIN_X_1 | ADC9_CFG_2_AZ_MUX_DIS |
ADC9_CFG_2_AZ_VREF_EN | ADC9_CFG_2_AZ_FREQ_HIGH;
adc9_write_u8( ctx, rw, cfg_data );
Delay_ms( 1 );
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_CFG_3;
cfg_data = ADC9_CFG_3_CONV_MODE_CONT | ADC9_CFG_3_DATA_FORMAT_DEF |
ADC9_CFG_3_CRC_FORMAT_16 | ADC9_CFG_3_CRC_COM_DIS | ADC9_CFG_3_CRC_OFF_CAL_EN |
ADC9_CFG_3_CRC_GAIN_CAL_EN;
adc9_write_u8( ctx, rw, cfg_data );
Delay_ms( 1 );
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_MUX;
cfg_data = ADC9_MUX_VIN_POS_CH0 | ADC9_MUX_VIN_NEG_CH1;
adc9_write_u8( ctx, rw, cfg_data );
Delay_ms( 1 );
cfg_data_l = 0;
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_SCAN;
adc9_write_u24( ctx, rw, cfg_data_l );
Delay_ms( 1 );
cfg_data_l = 0;
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_OFFSET_CAL;
adc9_write_u24( ctx, rw, cfg_data_l );
Delay_ms( 1 );
cfg_data_l = 0x00800000;
rw->reg = ADC9_REG_GAIN_CAL;
adc9_write_u24( ctx, rw, cfg_data_l );
Delay_ms( 1 );
cfg_data_l = 0x00900F00;
rw->reg = ADC9_RSV_REG_W_A;
adc9_write_u24( ctx, rw, cfg_data_l );
Delay_ms( 1 );
}
// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg;
adc9_cfg_t cfg;
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );
// Click initialization.
adc9_cfg_setup( &cfg );
ADC9_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
uint8_t err_flag = adc9_init( &adc9, &cfg );
if ( ADC9_INIT_ERROR == err_flag )
{
log_info( &logger, "---- Error Init ----" );
for ( ; ; );
}
adc9_default_cfg( &adc9, &adc9_rw );
Delay_ms( 1000 );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
measurement_init( &adc9, &adc9_rw );
while ( adc9_irq_pin_state( &adc9 ) );
adc9_rw.reg = ADC9_DEVICE_ADR;
adc9_read_def_adc ( &adc9, &adc9_rw, &adc_value );
log_printf( &logger, "ADC Value : %ld\r\n" , adc_value );
m_volts = adc9_volt_calc ( &adc9, adc_value, VREF, 1 );
log_printf( &logger, "Voltage in milivolts : %.2f\r\n", m_volts );
log_printf( &logger, "------------------------\r\n" );
Delay_ms( 1000 );
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END