Achieve reliable I2C communication over long distances, ensuring your data reaches its destination intact and on time
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
I2C Extend Click is based on the LTC4331, a point-to-point compatible I2C peripheral device extender designed for operation in high-noise industrial environments. Using a ±60V fault-protected differential transceiver, the LTC4331 can extend an I2C/SMBus bus, including a remote interrupt function and a control signal, over a single twisted pair differential link. Thanks to selectable link baud rates, the I2C bus can be extended up to 1200m, depending on the link speed and external factors such as environmental noise level, humidity, cable quality, and more. Standard twisted-pair cables with RJ45 connectors can be used, the same as in the ethernet devices, and more. Besides the I2C protocol extension, the I2C Extend click also supports local remote control and interrupt functions. Local to remote control ensures that the values set on the local side CTRL pin propagate to the remote side CTRL pin over
the differential link. Users can choose a pin on the mikroBUS™ socket used for that purpose (CS or RST) using the onboard jumper named PIN SEL. The interrupt pin acts as an open-drain output in local mode and an input in remote mode. An interrupt signal on the INT pin in the I2C Extend Click is mirrored from the remote to the local network using the differential link. On the remote side, INT is an input pin that can be connected to remote I2C peripheral devices, while on the local side, it operates as an open-drain output that can be connected to a shared local interrupt line. Because of the dual functionality of the I2C Extend Click, the user needs to set the mode of operation of the Click board™. That is easily achieved using the onboard MODE switch, with two positions: local mode (LCL), where this Click board™ is in I2C slave mode, and remote mode (RMT), where this Click board™ is in I2C master mode. Besides mode
selection, I2C Extend Click can also link speed and I2C address selection jumpers onboard, named SPEED SEL and ADDR SEL, respectively. This Click board™ has Link status (LINK) and ready status (RDY) LEDs, making troubleshooting easy. The LINK LED activates in remote mode when the device establishes link communication. In local mode, the LINK LED is active after the LTC4331’s I2C interface has joined the I2C bus and establishes link communication. The RDY LED is active after the device’s I2C interface has joined the bus. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Nucleo-144 with STM32F413ZH MCU board offers an accessible and adaptable avenue for users to explore new ideas and construct prototypes. It allows users to tailor their experience by selecting from a range of performance and power consumption features offered by the STM32 microcontroller. With compatible boards, the
internal or external SMPS dramatically decreases power usage in Run mode. Including the ST Zio connector, expanding ARDUINO Uno V3 connectivity, and ST morpho headers facilitate easy expansion of the Nucleo open development platform. The integrated ST-LINK debugger/programmer enhances convenience by
eliminating the need for a separate probe. Moreover, the board is accompanied by comprehensive free software libraries and examples within the STM32Cube MCU Package, further enhancing its utility and value.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU

Architecture
ARM Cortex-M4
MCU Memory (KB)
1536
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
144
RAM (Bytes)
327680
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Nucleo-144 comes equipped with four mikroBUS™ sockets, with one in the form of a Shuttle connector, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-144 board with no effort. This way, MIKROE allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. Featuring an ARM Cortex-M microcontroller, 144 pins, and Arduino™ compatibility, the STM32 Nucleo-144 board offers limitless possibilities for prototyping and creating diverse applications. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-144 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Simplify your project development with the integrated ST-Link debugger and unleash creativity using the extensive I/O options and expansion capabilities. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-144 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-144, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic

Step by step
Project assembly
Track your results in real time
Application Output
1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for I2C Extend Click driver.
Key functions:
i2cextend_rmt_multi_read
- Generic multi read data in Remote Mode functioni2cextend_set_config
- Set the configuration functioni2cextend_set_out_slave_address
- Set out slave address function.
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief I2CExtend Click example
*
* # Description
* This is an example which demonstrates the use of I2C Extend Click board.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initialization driver enables - I2C,
* check communication with device 6DOF IMU 11 Click
* connected to the I2C Extend Click ( Remote Mode ),
* set default configuration and start measurement.
*
* ## Application Task
* In this example, we read Accel and Mag axis of the connected
* 6DOF IMU 11 Click boards to the I2C Extend Click ( Remote Mode )
* which is connected by a LAN cable to I2C Extend Click ( Local Mode ).
* Results are being sent to the Usart Terminal where you can track their changes.
* All data logs write on USB uart changes for every 2 sec.
*
* @author Stefan Ilic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "i2cextend.h"
static i2cextend_t i2cextend;
static log_t logger;
int16_t axis;
void i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis ( i2cextend_t *ctx, uint8_t axis_out_reg ) {
uint16_t rx_val;
uint8_t rx_buf[ 2 ];
i2cextend_rmt_multi_read( ctx, C6DOFIMU11_I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS_GND, axis_out_reg, &rx_buf[ 0 ], 2 );
rx_val = rx_buf[ 1 ];
rx_val <<= 8;
rx_val |= rx_buf[ 0 ];
axis = ( int16_t ) rx_val;
}
void application_init ( void ) {
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
i2cextend_cfg_t i2cextend_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
i2cextend_cfg_setup( &i2cextend_cfg );
I2CEXTEND_MAP_MIKROBUS( i2cextend_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
err_t init_flag = i2cextend_init( &i2cextend, &i2cextend_cfg );
if ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag ) {
log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );
for ( ; ; );
}
if ( i2cextend_rmt_read( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS_GND, C6DOFIMU11_REG_WHO_AM_I ) == C6DOFIMU11_WHO_AM_I_WIA_ID ) {
log_printf( &logger, " SUCCESS \r\n" );
log_printf( &logger, "------------------------\r\n" );
} else {
log_printf( &logger, " ERROR \r\n" );
log_printf( &logger, " Reset the device \r\n" );
log_printf( &logger, "------------------------\r\n" );
for ( ; ; );
}
i2cextend_rmt_write( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS_GND, C6DOFIMU11_REG_CNTL2, C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_TEMP_EN_STANDBY_MODE |
C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_MAG_EN_STANDBY_MODE |
C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_ACCEL_EN_STANDBY_MODE );
i2cextend_rmt_write ( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS_GND, C6DOFIMU11_REG_INC3, C6DOFIMU11_INC3_IEL2_FIFO_TRIG |
C6DOFIMU11_INC3_IEL1_FIFO_TRIG );
i2cextend_rmt_write ( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS_GND, C6DOFIMU11_REG_CNTL2, C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_GSEL_8G |
C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_RES_MAX2 |
C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_MAG_EN_OPERATING_MODE |
C6DOFIMU11_CNTL2_ACCEL_EN_OPERATING_MODE );
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
log_printf( &logger, "------------------------\r\n" );
}
void application_task ( void ) {
log_printf( &logger, "\t Accel \t|\t Mag \r\n" );
log_printf( &logger, "------------------------------------------------\r\n" );
i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_REG_ACCEL_XOUT_L );
log_printf( &logger, "\t Accel X: %d\t|", axis );
i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_REG_MAG_XOUT_L );
log_printf( &logger, "\t Mag X: %d\r\n", axis );
i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_REG_ACCEL_YOUT_L );
log_printf( &logger, "\t Accel Y: %d\t|", axis );
i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_REG_MAG_YOUT_L );
log_printf( &logger, "\t Mag Y: %d\r\n", axis );
i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_REG_ACCEL_ZOUT_L );
log_printf( &logger, "\t Accel Z: %d\t|", axis );
i2cextend_6dofimu11_get_axis( &i2cextend, C6DOFIMU11_REG_MAG_ZOUT_L );
log_printf( &logger, "\t Mag Z: %d\r\n", axis );
log_printf( &logger, "------------------------------------------------\r\n" );
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}
int main ( void )
{
/* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
#ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
preinit();
#endif
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
return 0;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END