Intermediate
30 min

Track your blood oxygen levels with ADPD144RI and STM32F031K6

Your digitally-supported wellness journey

Oximeter 2 Click with Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Published Oct 01, 2024

Click board™

Oximeter 2 Click

Dev. board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F031K6

Enhance your solution by incorporating an advanced health monitoring feature that offers real-time heart rate and blood oxygen saturation data

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

Oximeter 2 Click is based on the ADPD144RI, a highly integrated, photometric front end optimized for photoplethysmography (PPG) detection of blood oxygenation from Analog Devices. It combines highly efficient red and infrared LED emitters, with 660nm red and 880nm IR wavelengths, and a sensitive 4-channel photodiode with a custom ASIC that provides optical isolation between the integrated LED emitters and the detection photodiodes to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. It uses synchronous detection of optical pulses to enhance the rejection of ambient light in addition to low power consumption. The Oximeter 2 Click is designed for ultralow direct optical reflections, with independent AFE settings per channel and I2C control interface. The integrated LED emitters produce light

pulses in sync with the active sampling period of the AFE, which consists of a programmable TIA, a band-pass filter, and an integrator. The processed analog signals are digitized by a 14-bit ADC and summed by the 20-bit burst accumulator. Four simultaneous sampling channels are matrixed into two independent time slots (one for each LED wavelength). An adjustable number of pulses per sample, accumulation, and averaging can be applied to multiple samples to increase the dynamic range to 27 bits. Oximeter 2 Click communicates with MCU using the standard I2C 2-Wire interface, with a typical clock frequency of 400kHz. A high-speed I2C interface reads data from output registers directly or through a FIFO buffer. All register writes are single words only and

require 16 bits of data. It also comes with a programmable interrupt line, labeled as INT and routed on the INT pin of the mikroBUS™ socket that simplifies timely data access. The ADPD144RI does not require a specific Power-Up sequence but requires a supply voltage of 1.8V to work properly. Therefore, a small regulating LDO, the ADP160 from Analog Devices, provides a 1.8V out of 3.3V mikroBUS™ rail. This Click board™ can only be operated with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

Oximeter 2 Click top side image
Oximeter 2 Click lateral side image
Oximeter 2 Click bottom side image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU board provides an affordable and flexible platform for experimenting with STM32 microcontrollers in 32-pin packages. Featuring Arduino™ Nano connectivity, it allows easy expansion with specialized shields, while being mbed-enabled for seamless integration with online resources. The

board includes an on-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer, supporting USB reenumeration with three interfaces: Virtual Com port, mass storage, and debug port. It offers a flexible power supply through either USB VBUS or an external source. Additionally, it includes three LEDs (LD1 for USB communication, LD2 for power,

and LD3 as a user LED) and a reset push button. The STM32 Nucleo-32 board is supported by various Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as IAR™, Keil®, and GCC-based IDEs like AC6 SW4STM32, making it a versatile tool for developers.

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

4096

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is the perfect way to expand your development board's functionalities with STM32 Nucleo-32 pinout. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 provides two mikroBUS™ sockets to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™. We are fully stocked with everything, from sensors and WiFi transceivers to motor control and audio amplifiers. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is compatible with the STM32 Nucleo-32 board, providing an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new ideas and quickly create prototypes with any STM32 microcontrollers, choosing from the various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The STM32 Nucleo-32 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer and come with the STM32 comprehensive software HAL library and various packaged software examples. This development platform provides users with an effortless and common way to combine the STM32 Nucleo-32 footprint compatible board with their favorite Click boards™ in their upcoming projects.

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
NC
NC
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Interrupt
PA12
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PB6
SCL
I2C Data
PB7
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

Oximeter 2 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly
Nucleo 144 with STM32L4A6ZG MCU front image hardware assembly
2x4 RGB Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Nucleo-32 with STM32 MCU MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Clicker 4 for STM32F4 HA MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for Oximeter 2 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • void oximeter2_cfg_setup ( oximeter2_cfg_t *cfg ); - Config Object Initialization function.
  • OXIMETER2_RETVAL oximeter2_init ( oximeter2_t *ctx, oximeter2_cfg_t *cfg ); - Initialization function.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file main.c
 * \brief Oximeter2 Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This application collects data from the sensor, calculates it and then logs
 * the result.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes driver and performs the device configuration which puts Time Slot A
 * and Time Slot B modes to active state.
 * Before the device configuration, the SW reset will be performed, which puts
 * the registers in their initial state.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Application measures value of oxygen level in human's blood.
 *
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "oximeter2.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

// Oximeter 2 context instance declaration.
static oximeter2_t oximeter2;

// Logger context instance declaration.
static log_t logger;

// Result storage.
static uint32_t res_slot[ 100 ];

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void oximeter2_write_res ( uint32_t data_write )
{
    log_printf( &logger, "%u\r\n", data_write );
}

void oximeter2_logs_results( void )
{
    uint8_t final_result;
    
    oximeter2_read_data( &oximeter2, &res_slot[ 0 ] );

    log_printf( &logger, "Average result per photodiode is: \r\n" );
    
    switch ( oximeter2.enabled_channel )
    {
        case OXIMETER2_CH3_CH4_SELECTED:
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "PD3: " );
            oximeter2_write_res( res_slot[ 2 ] );
            log_printf( &logger, "PD4: " );
            oximeter2_write_res( res_slot[ 3 ] );

            final_result = ( res_slot[ 2 ] + res_slot[ 3 ] ) / 1000;
            break;
        }
        case OXIMETER2_ALL_CHANNELS_SELECTED:
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "PD1: " );
            oximeter2_write_res( res_slot[ 0 ] );
            log_printf( &logger, "PD2: " );
            oximeter2_write_res( res_slot[ 1 ] );
            log_printf( &logger, "PD3: " );
            oximeter2_write_res( res_slot[ 2 ] );
            log_printf( &logger, "PD4: " );
            oximeter2_write_res( res_slot[ 3 ]);

            final_result = ( res_slot[ 0 ] + res_slot [ 1 ] + res_slot[ 2 ] + res_slot[ 3 ] ) / 1000;
            break;
        }
        default:
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (final_result > 100)
    {
        final_result = 100;
    }
    log_printf( &logger, "Average result, in percentage: %u\r\n", ( uint16_t )final_result );
    log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------\r\n" );

    Delay_ms ( 300 );
}

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    oximeter2_cfg_t cfg;
    
    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );
    
    //  Click initialization.
    oximeter2_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    OXIMETER2_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    oximeter2_init( &oximeter2, &cfg );
    oximeter2_default_cfg( &oximeter2 );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    oximeter2_logs_results();
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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