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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
GNSS2 Click is based on the L76, a compact GNSS module from Quectel Wireless Solutions. The L76 supports the L1 band only (1575.42MHz) with tracking 33 channels, 99 acquisition channels, and 210 PRN channels. It can also acquire and track any mix of multiple satellite signals. The module is an ultra-low tracking power consumption device with a high sensitivity of -165dBm while tracking and -148dBm in acquisition mode with a less than 1-second reacquisition time. The greater number of visible satellites increases positioning accuracy (<2.5m CEP) and decreases acquisition time (<5s TTFF with a warm start). GNSS 2 Click supports anti-jamming and better positioning under weak signal conditions with onboard LNA, multi-tone active interference canceller, and balloon mode for high altitudes up to 80km. The L76 can automatically predict satellite orbits from data stored in its internal flash (EASY™ technology), and it can adaptively adjust its ON/OFF time to balance positioning accuracy and power
consumption (AlwaysLocate™ technology). To save power consumption, GNSS2 Click comes with a VBAT connector for connecting an external power supply which can supply power to the module’s SRAM memory. This memory serves for storing GPS information for quick Start-Up sequences. Periodic standby mode can control the power on/off time of GNSS2 Click periodically to reduce average power consumption, and on/off time can be configured using the PMTK command. GNSS2 Click will enter the periodic mode after successfully fixing the position. For communication with the host microcontroller, L76 uses the UART interface with commonly used UART RX and TX pins as its default communication protocol operating at 9600bps by default configuration to transmit and exchange data. In addition, the Click board™ features some other functions accessible through mikroBUS™ signals, such as Force on (FON), Reset (RST), and Standby (STB). Logic high state on FON will force the
module to be woken up from Backup mode, while the RST pin provides a general reset feature. The STB pin can put the module into or exit from Standby mode. In addition to precise positioning, the GNSS 2 Click also has an accurate timing signal indicated via a red LED indicator marked as PPS and an SMA antenna connector used to connect the appropriate active antenna that MIKROE has in its offer, for improved range and received signal strength. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the PWR SEL jumper. An appropriate voltage level translator performs a proper logic voltage level conversion, while the onboard LDO, the AP7331, ensures the recommended voltage levels power module. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.
Features overview
Development board
EasyPIC v7 is the seventh generation of PIC development boards specially designed to develop embedded applications rapidly. It supports a wide range of 8-bit PIC microcontrollers from Microchip and has a broad set of unique functions, such as a powerful onboard mikroProg programmer and In-Circuit debugger over USB-B. The development board is well organized and designed so that the end-user has all the necessary elements in one place, such as switches, buttons, indicators, connectors, and others. With four different connectors for each port, EasyPIC v7 allows you to connect accessory boards, sensors, and custom electronics more efficiently than ever. Each part of
the EasyPIC v7 development board contains the components necessary for the most efficient operation of the same board. An integrated mikroProg, a fast USB 2.0 programmer with mikroICD hardware In-Circuit Debugger, offers many valuable programming/debugging options and seamless integration with the Mikroe software environment. Besides it also includes a clean and regulated power supply block for the development board. It can use various external power sources, including an external 12V power supply, 7-23V AC or 9-32V DC via DC connector/screw terminals, and a power source via the USB Type-B (USB-B) connector. Communication options such as
USB-UART and RS-232 are also included, alongside the well-established mikroBUS™ standard, three display options (7-segment, graphical, and character-based LCD), and several different DIP sockets. These sockets cover a wide range of 8-bit PIC MCUs, from PIC10F, PIC12F, PIC16F, PIC16Enh, PIC18F, PIC18FJ, and PIC18FK families. EasyPIC v7 is an integral part of the Mikroe ecosystem for rapid development. Natively supported by Mikroe software tools, it covers many aspects of prototyping and development thanks to a considerable number of different Click boards™ (over a thousand boards), the number of which is growing every day.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
PIC
MCU Memory (KB)
64
Silicon Vendor
Microchip
Pin count
40
RAM (Bytes)
3936
You complete me!
Accessories
GNSS Active External Antenna is a unique multi-band type of antenna coming from u-Blox that is the perfect selection for high precision GNSS applications, which require highly accurate location abilities such as RTK. The ANN-MB-00 is a multi-band (L1, L2/E5b/B2I) active GNSS antenna with a 5m cable and SMA connector. The antenna supports GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou and includes a high-performance multi-band RHCP dual-feed patch antenna element, a built-in high-gain LNA with SAW pre-filtering, and a 5 m antenna cable with SMA connector, and is waterproof.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Track your results in real time
Application Output
After pressing the "FLASH" button on the left-side panel, it is necessary to open the UART terminal to display the achieved results. By clicking on the Tools icon in the right-hand panel, multiple different functions are displayed, among which is the UART Terminal. Click on the offered "UART Terminal" icon.
Once the UART terminal is opened, the window takes on a new form. At the top of the tab are two buttons, one for adjusting the parameters of the UART terminal and the other for connecting the UART terminal. The tab's lower part is reserved for displaying the achieved results. Before connecting, the terminal has a Disconnected status, indicating that the terminal is not yet active. Before connecting, it is necessary to check the set parameters of the UART terminal. Click on the "OPTIONS" button.
In the newly opened UART Terminal Options field, we check if the terminal settings are correct, such as the set port and the Baud rate of UART communication. If the data is not displayed properly, it is possible that the Baud rate value is not set correctly and needs to be adjusted to 115200. If all the parameters are set correctly, click on "CONFIGURE".
The next step is to click on the "CONNECT" button, after which the terminal status changes from Disconnected to Connected in green, and the data is displayed in the Received data field.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for GNSS2 Click driver.
Key functions:
gnss2_generic_read
- This function reads a desired number of data bytes by using UART serial interfacegnss2_clear_ring_buffers
- This function clears UART tx and rx ring buffersgnss2_parse_gpgga
- This function parses the GPGGA data from the read response buffer
Open Source
Code example
This example can be found in NECTO Studio. Feel free to download the code, or you can copy the code below.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief GNSS 2 Click Example.
*
* # Description
* This example demonstrates the use of GNSS 2 click by reading and displaying
* the GPS coordinates.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and logger.
*
* ## Application Task
* Reads the received data, parses the GPGGA info from it, and once it receives the position fix
* it will start displaying the coordinates on the USB UART.
*
* ## Additional Function
* - static void gnss2_clear_app_buf ( void )
* - static err_t gnss2_process ( gnss2_t *ctx )
* - static void gnss2_parser_application ( char *rsp )
*
* @author Stefan Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "gnss2.h"
#include "string.h"
#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE 200
static gnss2_t gnss2;
static log_t logger;
static char app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;
/**
* @brief GNSS 2 clearing application buffer.
* @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length.
* @return None.
* @note None.
*/
static void gnss2_clear_app_buf ( void );
/**
* @brief GNSS 2 data reading function.
* @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer.
* @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
* See #gnss2_t object definition for detailed explanation.
* @return @li @c 0 - Read some data.
* @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
* See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
* @note None.
*/
static err_t gnss2_process ( gnss2_t *ctx );
/**
* @brief GNSS 2 parser application function.
* @details This function parses GNSS data and logs it on the USB UART. It clears app and ring buffers
* after successfully parsing data.
* @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
* See #gnss2_t object definition for detailed explanation.
* @param[in] rsp Response buffer.
* @return None.
* @note None.
*/
static void gnss2_parser_application ( gnss2_t *ctx, char *rsp );
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
gnss2_cfg_t gnss2_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
gnss2_cfg_setup( &gnss2_cfg );
GNSS2_MAP_MIKROBUS( gnss2_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
if ( UART_ERROR == gnss2_init( &gnss2, &gnss2_cfg ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
if ( GNSS2_OK == gnss2_process( &gnss2 ) )
{
if ( PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE == app_buf_len )
{
gnss2_parser_application( &gnss2, app_buf );
}
}
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
static void gnss2_clear_app_buf ( void )
{
memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
app_buf_len = 0;
}
static err_t gnss2_process ( gnss2_t *ctx )
{
char rx_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
int32_t rx_size = 0;
rx_size = gnss2_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
if ( rx_size > 0 )
{
int32_t buf_cnt = app_buf_len;
if ( ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) > PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ) && ( app_buf_len > 0 ) )
{
buf_cnt = PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE - ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) - PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
memmove ( app_buf, &app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE - buf_cnt ], buf_cnt );
}
for ( int32_t rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ )
{
if ( rx_buf[ rx_cnt ] )
{
app_buf[ buf_cnt++ ] = rx_buf[ rx_cnt ];
if ( app_buf_len < PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE )
{
app_buf_len++;
}
}
}
return GNSS2_OK;
}
return GNSS2_ERROR;
}
static void gnss2_parser_application ( gnss2_t *ctx, char *rsp )
{
char element_buf[ 100 ] = { 0 };
if ( GNSS2_OK == gnss2_parse_gpgga( rsp, GNSS2_GPGGA_LATITUDE, element_buf ) )
{
static uint8_t wait_for_fix_cnt = 0;
if ( strlen( element_buf ) > 0 )
{
log_printf( &logger, "\r\n Latitude: %.2s degrees, %s minutes \r\n", element_buf, &element_buf[ 2 ] );
gnss2_parse_gpgga( rsp, GNSS2_GPGGA_LONGITUDE, element_buf );
log_printf( &logger, " Longitude: %.3s degrees, %s minutes \r\n", element_buf, &element_buf[ 3 ] );
memset( element_buf, 0, sizeof( element_buf ) );
gnss2_parse_gpgga( rsp, GNSS2_GPGGA_ALTITUDE, element_buf );
log_printf( &logger, " Altitude: %s m \r\n", element_buf );
wait_for_fix_cnt = 0;
}
else
{
if ( wait_for_fix_cnt % 5 == 0 )
{
log_printf( &logger, " Waiting for the position fix...\r\n\n" );
wait_for_fix_cnt = 0;
}
wait_for_fix_cnt++;
}
gnss2_clear_ring_buffers( ctx );
gnss2_clear_app_buf( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END