Beginner
10 min

Deliver exact location details with Teseo-LIV3FL and ATmega328P

Accurate, reliable, and always on target

GNSS 6 Click with Arduino UNO Rev3

Published Feb 14, 2024

Click board™

GNSS 6 Click

Dev. board

Arduino UNO Rev3

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

ATmega328P

Determine and provide accurate location information for applications such as navigation and mapping

A

A

Hardware Overview

How does it work?

GNSS 6 Click is based on the Teseo-LIV3FL, a tiny low-power GNSS module from STMicroelectronics. It supports all the GNSS constellations, and the user can select the active constellations in the firmware configuration. By default, active GNSS constellations are GPS and Glonass. The module supports SBAS as a system that provides differential GPS correction data. It also supports differential GPS that improves position accuracy. The other features are Assisted GNSS, ST-assisted GPS, predictive AGNSS, real-time AGPS, and more. In addition, the module comes equipped with an embedded flash that can be used for data logging and FW upgrades. GNSS 6 Click is equipped with the SMA antenna connector, which can connect

the appropriate active antenna for improved range and received signal strength. For improved reception, there are filters but also the BGA824N6, a silicon germanium low-noise amplifier for GNSS from Infineon. The RF output of this amplifier is internally matched to 50Ohm. The antenna can be switched off over the TPS22943, a low-input-voltage current-limited load switch from Texas Instruments. The Teseo-LIV3FL module has a backup supply option on this Click board™ available as an onboard VCC input or over the coin battery. GNSS 6 Click uses a standard 2-Wire UART interface to communicate with the host MCU, supporting much of the functionality of the industry-standard 16C650 UART. In addition, the

module includes an I2C interface, supporting normal and fast speed with up to 400kHz of clock frequency. Both interfaces support the NMEA protocol. The time output pulse is available as a PPS LED indication and over the PPS pin. You can wake the module from the software standby over the WUP pin, while the RST pin is a standard reset pin for the GNSS module. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

GNSS 6 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Arduino UNO is a versatile microcontroller board built around the ATmega328P chip. It offers extensive connectivity options for various projects, featuring 14 digital input/output pins, six of which are PWM-capable, along with six analog inputs. Its core components include a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an

ICSP header, and a reset button, providing everything necessary to power and program the board. The Uno is ready to go, whether connected to a computer via USB or powered by an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. As the first USB Arduino board, it serves as the benchmark for the Arduino platform, with "Uno" symbolizing its status as the

first in a series. This name choice, meaning "one" in Italian, commemorates the launch of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. Initially introduced alongside version 1.0 of the Arduino Software (IDE), the Uno has since become the foundational model for subsequent Arduino releases, embodying the platform's evolution.

Arduino UNO Rev3 double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

AVR

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

28

RAM (Bytes)

2048

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Arduino UNO has two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the Arduino UNO board without effort. The Arduino Uno, a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, provides an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new concepts and build prototypes with the ATmega328P microcontroller from various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which six can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and reset button. Most of the ATmega328P microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the Arduino UNO board with our Click Shield for Arduino UNO, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO accessories 1 image

GNSS L-Band Active Antenna (LBAND01D-S6-00) is an active patch 50Ω antenna from Inpaq Technology that supports GNSS L-Band (frequency range from 1525 up to 1559MHz) applications. It offers excellent performance with its high gain and efficiency for tracking, fleet management, navigation, and many other tracking applications. The magnetic mounting type antenna, with dimensions of 37.5x34.5x12.5mm, connects to the device by a 3m long cable with an SMA PLUG male connector. It provides superior performance when coupled with Click boards™ that require highly accurate location abilities such as RTK.

GNSS 6 Click accessories image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset
PD2
RST
ID COMM
PB2
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
Module Wake-Up
PD6
PWM
Timepulse Output
PC3
INT
UART TX
PD0
TX
UART RX
PD1
RX
I2C Clock
PC5
SCL
I2C Data
PC4
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

GNSS 6 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Arduino UNO Rev3 as your development board.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly
Arduino UNO Rev3 front image hardware assembly
Charger 27 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Charger 27 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Arduino UNO Rev3 Access MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Arduino UNO MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for GNSS 6 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • gnss6_generic_read - This function reads a desired number of data bytes from the module.

  • gnss6_reset_device - This function resets the device by toggling the RST pin.

  • gnss6_parse_gpgga - This function parses the GPGGA data from the read response buffer.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief GNSS 6 Click example
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of GNSS 6 click by reading and displaying
 * the GNSS coordinates.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes the driver and resets the click board.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Reads the received data, parses the GPGGA info from it, and once it receives the position fix
 * it will start displaying the coordinates on the USB UART.
 *
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void gnss6_clear_app_buf ( void )
 * - static err_t gnss6_process ( gnss6_t *ctx )
 * - static void gnss6_parser_application ( uint8_t *rsp )
 *
 * @author Stefan Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "gnss6.h"

#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE 300

static gnss6_t gnss6;
static log_t logger;

static uint8_t app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;

/**
 * @brief GNSS 6 clearing application buffer.
 * @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length and counter.
 * @return None.
 * @note None.
 */
static void gnss6_clear_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief GNSS 6 data reading function.
 * @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer.
 * @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
 * See #gnss6_t object definition for detailed explanation.
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read or Application buffer overflow.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t gnss6_process ( gnss6_t *ctx );

/**
 * @brief GNSS 6 parser application.
 * @param[in] rsp Response buffer.
 * @details This function logs GNSS data on the USB UART.
 * @return None.
 * @note None.
 */
static void gnss6_parser_application ( uint8_t *rsp );

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    gnss6_cfg_t gnss6_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    gnss6_cfg_setup( &gnss6_cfg );
    GNSS6_MAP_MIKROBUS( gnss6_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    err_t init_flag = gnss6_init( &gnss6, &gnss6_cfg );
    if ( ( UART_ERROR == init_flag ) || ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    if ( GNSS6_OK == gnss6_process( &gnss6 ) )
    {
        if ( PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE == app_buf_len )
        {
            gnss6_parser_application( app_buf );
        }
    }
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

static void gnss6_clear_app_buf ( void ) 
{
    memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
    app_buf_len = 0;
}

static err_t gnss6_process ( gnss6_t *ctx ) 
{
    int32_t rx_size = 0;
    uint8_t rx_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
    if ( GNSS6_DRV_SEL_UART == ctx->drv_sel )
    {
        rx_size = gnss6_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
    }
    else
    {
        if ( GNSS6_OK == gnss6_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, 1 ) )
        {
            if ( GNSS6_DUMMY != rx_buf[ 0 ] )
            {
                rx_size = 1;
            }
        }
    }
    if ( rx_size > 0 ) 
    {
        int32_t buf_cnt = app_buf_len;
        if ( ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) > PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ) && ( app_buf_len > 0 ) ) 
        {
            buf_cnt = PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE - ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) - PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
            memmove ( app_buf, &app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE - buf_cnt ], buf_cnt );
        }
        for ( int32_t rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ ) 
        {
            if ( rx_buf[ rx_cnt ] ) 
            {
                app_buf[ buf_cnt++ ] = rx_buf[ rx_cnt ];
                if ( app_buf_len < PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE )
                {
                    app_buf_len++;
                }
            }
        }
        return GNSS6_OK;
    }
    return GNSS6_ERROR;
}

static void gnss6_parser_application ( uint8_t *rsp )
{
    uint8_t element_buf[ 100 ] = { 0 };
    if ( GNSS6_OK == gnss6_parse_gpgga( rsp, GNSS6_GPGGA_LATITUDE, element_buf ) )
    {
        static uint8_t wait_for_fix_cnt = 0;
        if ( ( strlen( element_buf ) > 0 ) && ( !strstr ( element_buf, GNSS6_RSP_NO_FIX ) ) )
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "\r\n Latitude: %.2s degrees, %s minutes \r\n", element_buf, &element_buf[ 2 ] );
            gnss6_parse_gpgga( rsp, GNSS6_GPGGA_LONGITUDE, element_buf );
            log_printf( &logger, " Longitude: %.3s degrees, %s minutes \r\n", element_buf, &element_buf[ 3 ] );
            memset( element_buf, 0, sizeof( element_buf ) );
            gnss6_parse_gpgga( rsp, GNSS6_GPGGA_ALTITUDE, element_buf );
            log_printf( &logger, " Altitude: %s m \r\n", element_buf );
            wait_for_fix_cnt = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            if ( wait_for_fix_cnt % 5 == 0 )
            {
                log_printf( &logger, " Waiting for the position fix...\r\n\n" );
                wait_for_fix_cnt = 0;
            }
            wait_for_fix_cnt++;
        }
        gnss6_clear_app_buf(  );
    }
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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