Intermediate
30 min

Make your own time navigator with M41T82 and ATmega328

Beyond tick-tock: RTCs transforming the future

RTC 9 Click with Arduino UNO Rev3

Published Feb 14, 2024

Click board™

RTC 9 Click

Dev. board

Arduino UNO Rev3

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

ATmega328

Unlock precise timing control and synchronization capabilities to your solution with high-performance real-time clock solution

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

RTC 9 Click is based on the M41T82, an extreme low power real-time clock/calendar (RTC) module from STMicroelectronics. Thanks to its high integration level, this module provides high time accuracy, factory calibrated to ±5 ppm even after two reflows, with a very low count of external components required. It has a full RTC function, offering programmable counters, alarms, and an interrupt engine with selectable event reporting sources. The operational parameters are stored within the internal user SRAM memory, which is battery-backed, thus allowing their persistence in the event of the complete power failure. The M41T82 features a built-in 32.768 kHz oscillator.

However, RTC 9 click has an external oscillator too, in order to achieve the best accuracy possible. Eight bytes of the register map are used for the clock/calendar function and are configured in binary-coded decimal (BCD) format. An additional 17 bytes of the register map provide status/control of the two alarms, watchdog, 8-bit counter, and square wave functions. An additional seven bytes are made available as user SRAM. M41T82 supports the I2C communication interface, which is also used on the RTC 9 click for communicating with the main microcontroller through the mikroBUS socket. Functions available to the user include a non-volatile, time-of-day clock/calendar, two alarm

interrupts, watchdog timer, programmable 8-bit counter, and square wave outputs. The eight clock address locations contain the century, year, month, date, day, hour, minute, second, and tenths/hundredths of a second in 24-hour BCD format. Corrections for 28, 29 (leap year), 30, and 31 day months are made automatically. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used for further development.

RTC 9 Click top side image
RTC 9 Click bottom side image

Features overview

Development board

Arduino UNO is a versatile microcontroller board built around the ATmega328P chip. It offers extensive connectivity options for various projects, featuring 14 digital input/output pins, six of which are PWM-capable, along with six analog inputs. Its core components include a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an

ICSP header, and a reset button, providing everything necessary to power and program the board. The Uno is ready to go, whether connected to a computer via USB or powered by an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. As the first USB Arduino board, it serves as the benchmark for the Arduino platform, with "Uno" symbolizing its status as the

first in a series. This name choice, meaning "one" in Italian, commemorates the launch of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. Initially introduced alongside version 1.0 of the Arduino Software (IDE), the Uno has since become the foundational model for subsequent Arduino releases, embodying the platform's evolution.

Arduino UNO Rev3 double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

AVR

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

2048

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Arduino UNO has two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the Arduino UNO board without effort. The Arduino Uno, a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, provides an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new concepts and build prototypes with the ATmega328P microcontroller from various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which six can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and reset button. Most of the ATmega328P microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the Arduino UNO board with our Click Shield for Arduino UNO, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset
PD2
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
NC
NC
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PC5
SCL
I2C Data
PC4
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

RTC 9 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Arduino UNO Rev3 as your development board.

Click Shield for Arduino UNO front image hardware assembly
Arduino UNO Rev3 front image hardware assembly
Charger 27 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Arduino UNO MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for RTC 9 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • rtc9_set_time - Set new time - 24 hour format

  • rtc9_get_time - Get new time - 24 hour format

  • rtc9_get_date - Get new date

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief Rtc9 Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of RTC 9 Click board.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes the driver, wakes up the module, and sets the time and date.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Reads the current time and date and displays the results on the USB UART each second.
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "rtc9.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static rtc9_t rtc9;
static log_t logger;
static uint8_t seconds_old = 0;

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    rtc9_cfg_t cfg;
    rtc9_set_data_t set_data;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );

    //  Click initialization.

    rtc9_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    RTC9_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    rtc9_init( &rtc9, &cfg );

    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    rtc9_wakeup( &rtc9 );

    rtc9_set_time( &rtc9, 23, 59, 50 );

    set_data.day = 22;
    set_data.day_of_week = RTC9_DAY_MONDAY;
    set_data.month = RTC9_MONTH_MARCH;
    set_data.year = 21;
    rtc9_set_date ( &rtc9, &set_data );
    
    rtc9_wakeup( &rtc9 );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    rtc9_get_time_t get_time;
    rtc9_get_date_t get_date;

    char *week_string;
    char *month_string;

    rtc9_get_time( &rtc9, &get_time );
    rtc9_get_date( &rtc9, &get_date );
    
    if ( get_time.sec != seconds_old )
    {
        seconds_old = get_time.sec;
        log_printf( &logger, "- Time [ %.2u:%.2u:%.2u ] \r\n", ( uint16_t ) get_time.hour, 
                                                               ( uint16_t ) get_time.min, 
                                                               ( uint16_t ) get_time.sec );

        week_string = rtc9_current_day_of_week( get_date.day_of_week );
        month_string = rtc9_current_month( get_date.month );

        log_printf( &logger, "- Date [ %s, %s %.2u, %u ] \r\n", week_string, month_string, 
                                                               ( uint16_t ) get_date.day, 
                                                               ( uint16_t ) get_date.year + 2000 );
        log_printf( &logger, "---------------------------------------- \r\n" );
    }
    Delay_ms ( 10 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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