Intermediate
20 min

Integrate Bluetooth connectivity into smart home and security systems with the 453-00145R and STM32F091RC

Based on the LYRA 24P (453-00145R) secure high-performance Bluetooth LE 5.3 module

LYRA 24P Click with Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Published Jun 11, 2024

Click board™

LYRA 24P Click

Dev. board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F091RC

Provide high-performance and secure Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5.3 wireless connectivity for various Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications

A

A

Hardware Overview

How does it work?

LYRA 24P Click is based on the LYRA 24P (453-00145R), a secure, high-performance wireless module from Ezurio designed for line-powered IoT devices operating on Bluetooth networks. The LYRA 24P module is a highly integrated, high-performance system with all the necessary hardware components to enable 2.4GHz wireless connectivity. Based on the Series 2 EFR32BG24 SoC (32-bit ARM® Cortex®-M33 core at 39MHz), it enables Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) 5.3 connectivity, delivering exceptional RF performance and energy efficiency (+19.6dBm TX output power). It features industry-leading Secure Vault® technology (Lyra 24P module supports Secure Vault High) and futureproofing capabilities. Secure Vault is a collection of technologies providing state-of-the-art security and upgradability features to protect and futureproof IoT devices against costly threats, attacks, and tampering. A dedicated security CPU enables the Secure Vault functions, isolating cryptographic functions and data from the Cortex-M33 core. The LYRA 24P is a complete solution that offers fully upgradeable software stacks and global regulatory certifications. It is suitable for a broad range of applications, including

smart home devices, lighting, building automation and security, gateways, digital assistants, and Bluetooth mesh low-power nodes. The main module power supply is 3.3V from the 3V3 mikroBUS™ power rail, automatically supplied via the R6 resistor. It can also be powered via the AP7331, a fixed-3.3V output voltage low-dropout linear regulator. This Click board™ is based on the 453-00145R module but is also compatible with other LYRA 24P modules. The module includes a built-in antenna and operates in the 2.4GHz ISM frequency band, from 2402 to 2480MHz. Additionally, it has an unpopulated connector for an external 2.4GHz antenna connection, suitable for module variants with an RF pin for an external antenna only, such as the 453-00148. Communication between the LYRA 24P and the host MCU is established through a UART interface, using standard UART RX and TX pins and hardware flow control pins (CTS/RTS). The module communicates at 115200bps by default, allowing efficient data exchange. The board also includes a reset (RST) button/pin for resetting the module and a Boot (BT) button/pin used to determine when execution of the bootloader is required. Upon 

reset, execution of the bootloader begins. When the Boot button is pressed, the bootloader continues execution, facilitating firmware updates via the UART. When released, the bootloader stops execution and passes control to the main application firmware. The LYRA 24P also supports hardware debugging via a 4-pin JTAG or 2-pin serial-wire debug (SWD) interface through the J1 header. This header includes two additional pins, the PTIF and PTID pins, providing a true PHY-level packet trace interface that captures packets non-intrusively to monitor and log device and network traffic without burdening processing resources in the module's SoC. These signals are a powerful debugging tool, especially when used with other hardware and software development tools. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

LYRA 24P Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin

headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is

provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.

Nucleo 64 with STM32F091RC MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

256

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

64

RAM (Bytes)

32768

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Module Reset / ID SEL
PC12
RST
UART RTS / ID COMM
PB12
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
Bootloader
PC8
PWM
UART CTS
PC14
INT
UART TX
PA2
TX
UART RX
PA3
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

LYRA 24P Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image hardware assembly
Nucleo 64 with STM32F401RE MCU front image hardware assembly
LTE IoT 5 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
LTE IoT 5 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Clicker 4 for STM32F4 HA MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for LYRA 24P Click driver.

Key functions:

  • lyra24p_write_command - This function writes a desired command by using UART serial interface.

  • lyra24p_write_cmd_param - This function writes a desired command, command value, prefix and parameter by using UART serial interface.

  • lyra24p_inquire_command - This function writes a desired inquire command, command value and enable/disable quote by using UART serial interface.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief LYRA 24P Click Example.
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of LYRA 24P click board by processing
 * the incoming data and displaying them on the USB UART.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes the driver and performs a factory reset. 
 * In the next step, the demo app requests the LYRA module name, software version, 
 * and MAC address and sets the local device name, 
 * sets the module into VSP mode and start advertising.
 * 
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Reads and processes all incoming data and displays them on the USB UART.
 *
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void lyra24p_clear_app_buf ( void )
 * - static void lyra24p_log_app_buf ( void )
 * - static err_t lyra24p_process ( lyra24p_t *ctx )
 * - static void lyra24p_check_response ( uint8_t *rsp )
 *
 * @note
 * We have used the BLE Scanner smartphone application for the test.
 *
 * @author Nenad Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "lyra24p.h"

// Demo device name
#define DEVICE_NAME                "LYRA 24P Click"

// Application buffer size
#define APP_BUFFER_SIZE             200
#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE         200

// Response timeout
#define RESPONSE_TIMEOUT            100000

static lyra24p_t lyra24p;
static log_t logger;

static uint8_t app_buf[ APP_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;

/**
 * @brief LYRA 24P clearing application buffer.
 * @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length.
 * @note None.
 */
static void lyra24p_clear_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief LYRA 24P log application buffer.
 * @details This function logs data from application buffer to USB UART.
 * @note None.
 */
static void lyra24p_log_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief LYRA 24P data reading function.
 * @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer. 
 * @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
 * See #lyra24p_t object definition for detailed explanation.
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t lyra24p_process ( lyra24p_t *ctx );

/**
 * @brief LYRA 24P response check.
 * @details This function checks for response and displays the status of response.
 * @param[in] rsp  Expected response.
 * @return Nothing.
 */
static void lyra24p_check_response ( uint8_t *rsp );

void application_init ( void ) 
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    lyra24p_cfg_t lyra24p_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    lyra24p_cfg_setup( &lyra24p_cfg );
    LYRA24P_MAP_MIKROBUS( lyra24p_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    if ( UART_ERROR == lyra24p_init( &lyra24p, &lyra24p_cfg ) ) 
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }

    lyra24p_hw_reset( &lyra24p );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_write_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_AT );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_write_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_AT );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_inquire_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATI, 
                                       LYRA24P_ATI_ARG_DEV_NAME, 
                                       LYRA24P_QUERY_DIS );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_inquire_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATI, 
                                       LYRA24P_ATI_ARG_FW_VER, 
                                       LYRA24P_QUERY_DIS );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_inquire_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATI, 
                                       LYRA24P_ATI_ARG_BT_ADDR, 
                                       LYRA24P_QUERY_DIS );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_write_cmd_param( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATS, 
                                       LYRA24P_ATS_ARG_DEVNAME_FORMAT, 
                                       LYRA24P_PREFIX_SYMBOL_SET_VAL, 
                                       LYRA24P_ATS_VAL_DEVNAME );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
    
    lyra24p_set_device_name( &lyra24p, DEVICE_NAME );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_inquire_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATPS, 
                                       LYRA24P_PREFIX_SYMBOL_ZERO, 
                                       LYRA24P_QUERY_EN );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_write_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATLADV );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    lyra24p_write_command( &lyra24p, LYRA24P_CMD_ATLVSP );
    lyra24p_check_response( LYRA24P_RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms ( 500 );
}

void application_task ( void ) 
{
    if ( LYRA24P_OK == lyra24p_process( &lyra24p ) ) 
    {
        lyra24p_log_app_buf( );
        lyra24p_clear_app_buf( );
        Delay_ms ( 100 );
    }
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

static void lyra24p_clear_app_buf ( void ) 
{
    memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
    app_buf_len = 0;
}

static void lyra24p_log_app_buf ( void )
{
    for ( int32_t buf_cnt = 0; buf_cnt < app_buf_len; buf_cnt++ )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "%c", app_buf[ buf_cnt ] );
    }
}

static err_t lyra24p_process ( lyra24p_t *ctx ) 
{
    uint8_t rx_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
    int32_t overflow_bytes = 0;
    int32_t rx_cnt = 0;
    int32_t rx_size = lyra24p_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
    if ( ( rx_size > 0 ) && ( rx_size <= APP_BUFFER_SIZE ) ) 
    {
        if ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) > APP_BUFFER_SIZE ) 
        {
            overflow_bytes = ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) - APP_BUFFER_SIZE;
            app_buf_len = APP_BUFFER_SIZE - rx_size;
            memmove ( app_buf, &app_buf[ overflow_bytes ], app_buf_len );
            memset ( &app_buf[ app_buf_len ], 0, overflow_bytes );
        }
        for ( rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ ) 
        {
            if ( rx_buf[ rx_cnt ] ) 
            {
                app_buf[ app_buf_len++ ] = rx_buf[ rx_cnt ];
            }
        }
        return LYRA24P_OK;
    }
    return LYRA24P_ERROR;
}

static void lyra24p_check_response ( uint8_t *rsp )
{
    uint32_t timeout_cnt = 0;
    lyra24p_clear_app_buf( );
    lyra24p_process( &lyra24p );
    while ( ( 0 == strstr( app_buf, rsp ) ) &&
            ( 0 == strstr( app_buf, LYRA24P_RSP_ERROR ) ) )
    {
        lyra24p_process( &lyra24p );
        if ( timeout_cnt++ > RESPONSE_TIMEOUT )
        {
            lyra24p_clear_app_buf( );
            log_error( &logger, " Timeout!" );
        }
        Delay_ms ( 1 );
    }
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    lyra24p_process( &lyra24p );
    if ( strstr( app_buf, rsp ) )
    {
        lyra24p_log_app_buf( );
    }
    else if ( strstr( app_buf, LYRA24P_RSP_ERROR ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Command!" );
    }
    else
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Unknown!" );
    }
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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