Intermediate
30 min

Embrace the future of communication with BM832A and STM32F031K6

Bluetooth 5.0 solution that has it all!

BLE 12 Click with Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Published Oct 01, 2024

Click board™

BLE 12 Click

Dev. board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F031K6

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A

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

BLE 12 Click is based on the BM832A, a highly flexible, ultra-low power Bluetooth module that provides BLE connectivity for any embedded application from Fanstel. The BM832A module is based on the Nordic nRF52 SoC, which integrates a 64MHz, 32bit ARM Cortex M4 processor with a floating-point unit (FPU) and a 2.4GHz multiprotocol radio (supporting Bluetooth 5.0 and an integrated PCB trace antenna), featuring -96dBm RX sensitivity (depending on data rate), alongside 192kB Flash memory and 24kB RAM. BLE 12 Click allows UART and SPI interfaces, with commonly used UART RX and TX pins as its default communication protocol for exchanging AT commands operating at 115200 bps by default configuration, to transmit and exchange data with the host MCU. The selection can be made by positioning SMD jumpers labeled COMM SEL in an appropriate position. Note that all the jumpers' positions must be on the same side, or the Click

board™ may become unresponsive. The CMD pin routed on the PWM pin of the mikroBUS™ represents the communication-activation feature. A high logic state of the CMD pin allows the module to communicate with the MCU, while a low state allows data to be sent to a far-end device (for example, a smartphone) transparently. With the selected UART interface, power consumption can be reduced by sending the command "AT+STOP". The CS pin must be set to a low logic state for 200μs or more to wake up the UART interface. Besides, it has an additional data-ready signal, labeled as REQ and routed on the INT pin of the mikroBUS™ socket, indicating that new data is ready for the host. This Click board™ comes with worldwide regulatory certifications and offers enhanced performance, security, and reliability to support IoT products running on Bluetooth networks. Besides, at the center of the BLE 12 Click, an additional unpopulated header offers full

support for debugging and programming capabilities. With this header, the user can use a Serial Wire Debug interface for programming and debugging, available through the SWD interface pins (SWDIO, SWCLK, and SWO). In addition to the appropriate interfaces, this Click board™ also has some additional features. A Reset button routed to the RST pin on the mikroBUS™ socket puts the module into a Reset state, while the two additional LED indicators, yellow and red LEDs labeled as LED1 and LED2, can be used for optional user-configurable visual indication. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.

BLE 12 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU board provides an affordable and flexible platform for experimenting with STM32 microcontrollers in 32-pin packages. Featuring Arduino™ Nano connectivity, it allows easy expansion with specialized shields, while being mbed-enabled for seamless integration with online resources. The

board includes an on-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer, supporting USB reenumeration with three interfaces: Virtual Com port, mass storage, and debug port. It offers a flexible power supply through either USB VBUS or an external source. Additionally, it includes three LEDs (LD1 for USB communication, LD2 for power,

and LD3 as a user LED) and a reset push button. The STM32 Nucleo-32 board is supported by various Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as IAR™, Keil®, and GCC-based IDEs like AC6 SW4STM32, making it a versatile tool for developers.

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

4096

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is the perfect way to expand your development board's functionalities with STM32 Nucleo-32 pinout. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 provides two mikroBUS™ sockets to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™. We are fully stocked with everything, from sensors and WiFi transceivers to motor control and audio amplifiers. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is compatible with the STM32 Nucleo-32 board, providing an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new ideas and quickly create prototypes with any STM32 microcontrollers, choosing from the various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The STM32 Nucleo-32 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer and come with the STM32 comprehensive software HAL library and various packaged software examples. This development platform provides users with an effortless and common way to combine the STM32 Nucleo-32 footprint compatible board with their favorite Click boards™ in their upcoming projects.

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset
PA11
RST
SPI Chip Select
PA4
CS
SPI Clock
PB3
SCK
SPI Data OUT
PB4
MISO
SPI Data IN
PB5
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
Communication Selection
PA8
PWM
Data-Ready
PA12
INT
UART TX
PA10
TX
UART RX
PA9
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

BLE 12 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly
Nucleo 144 with STM32L4A6ZG MCU front image hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
STM32 M4 Clicker HA MCU/Select Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for BLE 12 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • ble12_set_device_name - BLE 12 set device name function

  • ble12_set_op_mode - BLE 12 set operating mode function

  • ble12_send_cmd - BLE 12 sends the command function

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief BLE 12 Click Example.
 *
 * # Description
 * This example reads and processes data from BLE 12 Click board™.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes UART driver and logs UART. 
 * After driver initialization, the app performs a wake-up module, 
 * enters command mode, sets the device name and advertising time interval, 
 * and disconnects all connections. 
 * After that, the blinking of the yellow LED Indicates
 * that the BLE 12 Click board™ is ready for connection. 
 * After establishing the connection, the yellow LED is turned on.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * This example demonstrates the use of the BLE 12 Click board™. 
 * Reads the received data and parses it. 
 * Results are being sent to the Usart Terminal, where you can track their changes.
 *
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void ble12_clear_app_buf ( void )
 * - static err_t ble12_process ( void )
 *
 * @note
 * We have used the Serial Bluetooth Terminal Android application for the test
 * and you can find it at the link:
 * https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.kai_morich.serial_bluetooth_terminal
 * 
 * @author Nenad Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "ble12.h"

#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE 200
#define RSP_TIMEOUT         100

static ble12_t ble12;
static log_t logger;

static char app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;
static int32_t app_buf_cnt = 0;

/**
 * @brief BLE 12 clearing application buffer.
 * @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset it's length and counter.
 * @note None.
 */
static void ble12_clear_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief BLE 12 data reading function.
 * @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer.
 *
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
 *         @li @c -2 - Application buffer overflow.
 *
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t ble12_process ( void );

void application_init ( void ) 
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    ble12_cfg_t ble12_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    ble12_cfg_setup( &ble12_cfg );
    BLE12_MAP_MIKROBUS( ble12_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    if ( UART_ERROR == ble12_init( &ble12, &ble12_cfg ) ) 
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    if ( BLE12_ERROR == ble12_default_cfg ( &ble12 ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    app_buf_len = 0;
    app_buf_cnt = 0;
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "\t  BLE 12 Click\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "\t  Command mode\r\n" );
    ble12_set_op_mode( &ble12, BLE12_OP_MODE_CMD );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    ble12_event_startup( &ble12 );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
     
    ble12_set_led_state( &ble12, BLE12_LED_RED, BLE12_LED_OFF );
    ble12_set_led_state( &ble12, BLE12_LED_YELLOW, BLE12_LED_OFF );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "> Set device name:" );
    log_printf( &logger, " BLE 12 Click\r\n" );
    ble12_set_device_name( &ble12, "BLE 12 Click" );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "> Set Adv. Interval: 99 ms\r\n" );
    ble12_set_adv_interval( &ble12, "0099" );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "> Disconnect all connections\r\n" );
    ble12_disconnect( &ble12 );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "  Please connect your device\r\n" );
    
    do
    {
        ble12_process(); 
        ble12_set_led_state( &ble12, BLE12_LED_YELLOW, BLE12_LED_ON );
        Delay_ms ( 50 );
        ble12_set_led_state( &ble12, BLE12_LED_YELLOW, BLE12_LED_OFF );
        Delay_ms ( 50 );
    }
    while ( !strstr( app_buf, BLE12_EVT_CONNECTED ) );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );

    ble12_set_led_state( &ble12, BLE12_LED_RED, BLE12_LED_OFF );
    ble12_set_led_state( &ble12, BLE12_LED_YELLOW, BLE12_LED_ON );
    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "\tDevice connected\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    ble12_set_op_mode( &ble12, BLE12_OP_MODE_DATA );
    log_printf( &logger, "-------------------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "\t    Data mode\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
    
    ble12_process();
    ble12_clear_app_buf( );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
}

void application_task ( void ) 
{      
    ble12_process();
    
    if ( app_buf_len > 0 ) 
    { 
        log_printf( &logger, "%s", app_buf );
        ble12_clear_app_buf(  );    
    }
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

static void ble12_clear_app_buf ( void ) 
{
    memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
    app_buf_len = 0;
    app_buf_cnt = 0;
}

static err_t ble12_process ( void ) 
{
    int32_t rx_size;
    char rx_buff[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
    
    rx_size = ble12_generic_read( &ble12, rx_buff, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );

    if ( rx_size > 0 ) 
    {
        int32_t buf_cnt = 0;

        if ( app_buf_len + rx_size >= PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ) 
        {
            ble12_clear_app_buf(  );
            return BLE12_ERROR;
        } 
        else
        {
            buf_cnt = app_buf_len;
            app_buf_len += rx_size;
        }

        for ( int32_t rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ ) 
        {
            if ( ( rx_buff[ rx_cnt ] != 0 ) && ( rx_buff[ rx_cnt ] != 0x2B ) ) 
            {
                app_buf[ ( buf_cnt + rx_cnt ) ] = rx_buff[ rx_cnt ];   
            }
            else
            {
                app_buf_len--;
                buf_cnt--;
            }
        }
        
        
        
        return BLE12_OK;
    }
    return BLE12_ERROR;
}



// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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