Intermediate
30 min

Unleash the power of signal conversion with DAC53202 and STM32F031K6

Digital pulse, analog soul

DAC 14 Click with Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Published Oct 01, 2024

Click board™

DAC 14 Click

Dev. board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F031K6

Whether in scientific instrumentation, telecommunications, or audio equipment, our DAC solution empowers users to generate precise analog outputs from digital inputs, serving as a universal translator between digital and analog domains

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

DAC 14 Click is based on the DAC53202, a 10-bit dual-channel buffered digital-to-analog converter from Texas Instruments. The DAC channels are independently configurable as voltage or current output, achieved through the population of resistors R6 and R7. By default, these resistors are populated, and the Click board™ works in voltage-output mode providing output voltage in a range from 0V to 5V; they need to be removed to use current-output mode. Both the voltage- and current-output modes support multiple programmable output ranges. In addition to the internal voltage reference of 1.21V, the DAC53202 can also have an external reference using mikroBUS™ power rails as a reference voltage. The DAC53202 supports Hi-Z Power-Down mode putting its output in Hi-Z state during Power-OFF conditions, maintaining low leakage current at the

output channels with up to 1.25V of forced voltage. Besides, it also supports an independent comparator mode for each channel. The comparator mode allows programmable hysteresis, latching comparator, window comparator, and fault-dump to the nonvolatile memory (NVM). These features enable the DAC53202 to surpass a conventional DAC's limitations, resulting in processor-less operation. These features make the DAC53202 an excellent choice for voltage margining and scaling applications, DC set-point for biasing and calibration, and waveform generation (predefined sine, cosine, triangular, and sawtooth). DAC 14 Click allows using I2C and SPI interfaces with a maximum frequency of 1MHz for I2C and 50MHz for SPI communication. The selection can be made by positioning SMD jumpers marked as

COMM SEL to an appropriate position. Note that all the jumpers must be on the same side, or the Click board™ may become unresponsive. It also allows the choice of the four least significant bits of its I2C address by positioning the SMD jumper ADDR SEL to an appropriate position providing the user with a selection of four addresses. The DAC53202 also possesses an additional general-purpose GP pin, routed to the INT pin of the mikroBUS™ socket, configured as multiple interrupt functions. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication properly. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.

DAC 14 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU board provides an affordable and flexible platform for experimenting with STM32 microcontrollers in 32-pin packages. Featuring Arduino™ Nano connectivity, it allows easy expansion with specialized shields, while being mbed-enabled for seamless integration with online resources. The

board includes an on-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer, supporting USB reenumeration with three interfaces: Virtual Com port, mass storage, and debug port. It offers a flexible power supply through either USB VBUS or an external source. Additionally, it includes three LEDs (LD1 for USB communication, LD2 for power,

and LD3 as a user LED) and a reset push button. The STM32 Nucleo-32 board is supported by various Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as IAR™, Keil®, and GCC-based IDEs like AC6 SW4STM32, making it a versatile tool for developers.

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

4096

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is the perfect way to expand your development board's functionalities with STM32 Nucleo-32 pinout. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 provides two mikroBUS™ sockets to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™. We are fully stocked with everything, from sensors and WiFi transceivers to motor control and audio amplifiers. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is compatible with the STM32 Nucleo-32 board, providing an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new ideas and quickly create prototypes with any STM32 microcontrollers, choosing from the various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The STM32 Nucleo-32 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer and come with the STM32 comprehensive software HAL library and various packaged software examples. This development platform provides users with an effortless and common way to combine the STM32 Nucleo-32 footprint compatible board with their favorite Click boards™ in their upcoming projects.

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
NC
NC
RST
SPI Chip Select
PA4
CS
SPI Clock
PB3
SCK
SPI Data OUT
PB4
MISO
SPI Data IN
PB5
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
General Purpose I/O
PA12
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PB6
SCL
I2C Data
PB7
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

DAC 14 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly
Nucleo 144 with STM32L4A6ZG MCU front image hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Stepper 22 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
STM32 M4 Clicker HA MCU/Select Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for DAC 14 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • dac14_set_dac_data - This function sets the raw DAC data for the selected DAC channel

  • dac14_start_function_gen - This function starts the function generator for the selected DAC channel

  • dac14_config_function_gen - This function configures the function generator for the selected DAC channel

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief DAC 14 Click example
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of DAC 14 Click board by changing the voltage level
 * on the OUT0 as well as the waveform signals from a function generator on the OUT1.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes the driver and performs the Click default configuration.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Changes the voltage level on the OUT0 as well as the waveform signals from a function
 * generator on the OUT1 every 3 seconds. The state of both outputs will be displayed
 * on the USB UART.
 *
 * @author Stefan Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "dac14.h"

static dac14_t dac14;
static log_t logger;

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    dac14_cfg_t dac14_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    dac14_cfg_setup( &dac14_cfg );
    DAC14_MAP_MIKROBUS( dac14_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    err_t init_flag = dac14_init( &dac14, &dac14_cfg );
    if ( ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag ) || ( SPI_MASTER_ERROR == init_flag ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    if ( DAC14_ERROR == dac14_default_cfg ( &dac14 ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    static uint16_t dac = 0;
    static uint8_t waveform = DAC14_WAVEFORM_TRIANGULAR;
    if ( DAC14_OK == dac14_set_dac_data ( &dac14, DAC14_SEL_DAC_0, dac ) )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "\r\n OUT0: %u -> %.2f V\r\n", 
                    dac, ( float ) dac * DAC14_VDD_3V3 / DAC14_DAC_DATA_MAX );
        dac += 100;
        if ( dac > DAC14_DAC_DATA_MAX )
        {
            dac = DAC14_DAC_DATA_MIN;
        }
    }
    err_t error_flag = dac14_stop_function_gen ( &dac14, DAC14_SEL_DAC_1 );
    error_flag |= dac14_config_function_gen ( &dac14, DAC14_SEL_DAC_1, waveform,
                                              DAC14_CODE_STEP_32_LSB, DAC14_SLEW_RATE_4_US );
    error_flag |= dac14_start_function_gen ( &dac14, DAC14_SEL_DAC_1 );
    if ( DAC14_OK == error_flag )
    {
        log_printf( &logger, " OUT1: " );
        switch ( waveform )
        {
            case DAC14_WAVEFORM_TRIANGULAR:
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "triangular wave at about 4kHz\r\n" );
                waveform = DAC14_WAVEFORM_SAWTOOTH;
                break;
            }
            case DAC14_WAVEFORM_SAWTOOTH:
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "sawtooth wave at about 7.8kHz\r\n" );
                waveform = DAC14_WAVEFORM_INV_SAWTOOTH;
                break;
            }
            case DAC14_WAVEFORM_INV_SAWTOOTH:
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "inverse sawtooth wave at about 7.8kHz\r\n" );
                waveform = DAC14_WAVEFORM_SINE;
                break;
            }
            case DAC14_WAVEFORM_SINE:
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "sine wave at about 10.7kHz\r\n" );
                waveform = DAC14_WAVEFORM_DISABLE;
                break;
            }
            case DAC14_WAVEFORM_DISABLE:
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "function generator disabled\r\n" );
                waveform = DAC14_WAVEFORM_TRIANGULAR;
                break;
            }
            default:
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "unknown state\r\n" );
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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