Beginner
10 min

Create the next generation of wireless-connected and configurable equipment with with ANNA-B412 and ATmega1284

Power your innovations with the latest in Bluetooth technology

ANNA-B412 Click with EasyAVR v7

Published Nov 13, 2023

Click board™

ANNA-B412 Click

Dev. board

EasyAVR v7

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

ATmega1284

Our Bluetooth 5.1 LE solution ensures a robust link between devices while optimizing energy usage, delivering a superior wireless experience

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

ANNA-B412 Click is based on the ANNA-B412, a standalone Bluetooth 5.1 low-energy module from u-blox. Under the metal hood, all the hard work is done by the nRF52833 from Nordic Semiconductor, which includes an integrated 2.4GHz transceiver with +8dBm output power and powerful Arm Cortex-M4 with FPU processor. In addition, it is equipped with 512KB of flash memory and 128KB of RAM. For a Bluetooth connection in a 2.4GHz frequency band, ANNA-B412 Click is equipped with a printed PCB antenna with support for 40 channels. The Bluetooth antenna has +9dBm of maximum radiated output power. For NFC, ANNA-B412 Click is equipped with a u.Fl connector, and can operate as a 13.56MHz NFC tag at a bit rate of 106Kbps. One of the main features of this module is the Angle of Arrival (AoA) and Angle of Departure (AoD) with the support of

a Bluetooth 5.1 Direction Finding service. These features can be used for indoor positioning, wayfinding, asset tracking, and more. The module supports Active, Standby, and Sleep modes to optimize power consumption. Two buttons (T1 and T2) can control the system. By combining these buttons while operating or during Power-Up, you can restore settings to their default values, open a Bluetooth LE connection to a peripheral device, enter bootloader mode, or exit the bootloader mode and restore all settings to their factory default values. The onboard RGB LED notifies the system status signals, which can be idle in Data mode/Extended data mode, idle in Command mode, connecting, and connected. In addition, ANNA-B412 Click is equipped with ten u-connectXpress IO pins, separated into two headers, which can be used for user configurable

purposes. ANNA B412 Click uses a 4-Wire UART interface to communicate with the host MCU with a commonly used UART RX/TX and UART RTS/ CTS as UART control flow pins. In addition, the UART DTR data terminal ready and the UART DSR data set ready are also available. The default baud rate is 115200bps. The RST pin can be used to reset the module with active LOW. Besides the library we provide, you can use a set of AT commands to control the ANNA B-412 module over the UART interface. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

ANNA-B412 Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

EasyAVR v7 is the seventh generation of AVR development boards specially designed for the needs of rapid development of embedded applications. It supports a wide range of 16-bit AVR microcontrollers from Microchip and has a broad set of unique functions, such as a powerful onboard mikroProg programmer and In-Circuit debugger over USB. The development board is well organized and designed so that the end-user has all the necessary elements in one place, such as switches, buttons, indicators, connectors, and others. With four different connectors for each port, EasyAVR v7 allows you to connect accessory boards, sensors, and custom electronics more

efficiently than ever. Each part of the EasyAVR v7 development board contains the components necessary for the most efficient operation of the same board. An integrated mikroProg, a fast USB 2.0 programmer with mikroICD hardware In-Circuit Debugger, offers many valuable programming/debugging options and seamless integration with the Mikroe software environment. Besides it also includes a clean and regulated power supply block for the development board. It can use a wide range of external power sources, including an external 12V power supply, 7-12V AC or 9-15V DC via DC connector/screw terminals, and a power source via the USB Type-B (USB-B)

connector. Communication options such as USB-UART and RS-232 are also included, alongside the well-established mikroBUS™ standard, three display options (7-segment, graphical, and character-based LCD), and several different DIP sockets which cover a wide range of 16-bit AVR MCUs. EasyAVR v7 is an integral part of the Mikroe ecosystem for rapid development. Natively supported by Mikroe software tools, it covers many aspects of prototyping and development thanks to a considerable number of different Click boards™ (over a thousand boards), the number of which is growing every day.

EasyAVR v7 horizontal image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

ATmega1284

Architecture

AVR

MCU Memory (KB)

128

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

40

RAM (Bytes)

16384

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

Data Terminal Ready
PA7
AN
Reset
PA6
RST
UART CTS
PA5
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
Data Set Ready
PD4
PWM
UART RTS
PD2
INT
UART TX
PD1
TX
UART RX
PD0
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
NC
NC
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

ANNA-B412 Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

EasyAVR v7 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the EasyAVR v7 as your development board.

EasyAVR v7 front image hardware assembly
Buck 22 Click front image hardware assembly
MCU DIP 40 hardware assembly
EasyAVR v7 MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
NECTO Compiler Selection Step Image hardware assembly
NECTO Output Selection Step Image hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Necto DIP image step 7 hardware assembly
EasyPIC PRO v7a Display Selection Necto Step hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Necto PreFlash Image hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for ANNA-B412 Click driver.

Key functions:

  • annab412_set_cmd_conn_mode - ANNA-B412 set connectability mode function.

  • annab412_set_cmd_discover_mode - ANNA-B412 set discoverability mode function.

  • annab412_set_cmd_device_name - ANNA-B412 set device name function.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * @file main.c
 * @brief ANNA-B412 Click Example.
 *
 * # Description
 * This example demonstrates the use of ANNA-B412 click board by processing
 * the incoming data and displaying them on the USB UART.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 *
 * ## Application Init
 * Initializes the driver and performs the click default configuration.
 *
 * ## Application Task
 * Reads and processes all incoming data and displays them on the USB UART.
 *
 * ## Additional Function
 * - static void annab412_clear_app_buf ( void )
 * - static err_t annab412_process ( annab412_t *ctx )
 * - static err_t annab412_display_rsp ( char *rsp_end )
 *
 * @note
 * We have used the BLE Scanner smartphone application for the test.
 *
 * @author Nenad Filipovic
 *
 */

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "annab412.h"

#define PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE    200
#define DEVICE_NAME            "ANNA-B412 Click"
#define RSP_TIMEOUT            20000
#define RSP_OK                 "OK"

static annab412_t annab412;
static log_t logger;

static uint8_t app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
static int32_t app_buf_len = 0;

/**
 * @brief ANNA-B412 clearing application buffer.
 * @details This function clears memory of application buffer and reset its length.
 * @note None.
 */
static void annab412_clear_app_buf ( void );

/**
 * @brief ANNA-B412 data reading function.
 * @details This function reads data from device and concatenates data to application buffer. 
 * @param[in] ctx : Click context object.
 * See #annab412_t object definition for detailed explanation.
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t annab412_process ( annab412_t *ctx );

/**
 * @brief ANNA-B412 display response function.
 * @details This function reads data from device until sends @a rsp_end or ERROR message or until
 * it exceeds the timeout value.
 * @param[in] rsp_end : Response/Event ending string
 * @return @li @c  0 - Read some data.
 *         @li @c -1 - Nothing is read.
 * See #err_t definition for detailed explanation.
 * @note None.
 */
static err_t annab412_display_rsp ( char *rsp_end );

void application_init ( void ) 
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;  /**< Logger config object. */
    annab412_cfg_t annab412_cfg;  /**< Click config object. */

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );

    // Click initialization.
    annab412_cfg_setup( &annab412_cfg );
    ANNAB412_MAP_MIKROBUS( annab412_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    if ( UART_ERROR == annab412_init( &annab412, &annab412_cfg ) ) 
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    
    if ( ANNAB412_ERROR == annab412_default_cfg ( &annab412 ) )
    {
        log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
        for ( ; ; );
    }
    Delay_ms( 1000 );
    
    annab412_set_cmd_echo_on( &annab412 );
    annab412_display_rsp( RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    
    annab412_set_cmd_device_name( &annab412, DEVICE_NAME );
    annab412_display_rsp( RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    annab412_set_cmd_discover_mode( &annab412, ANNAB412_DISCOVERABLE_MODE_ON );
    annab412_display_rsp( RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms( 100 );

    annab412_set_cmd_enter_mode( &annab412, ANNAB412_ENTER_MODE_DATA );
    annab412_display_rsp( RSP_OK );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
    
    annab412_set_dsr_pin( &annab412, ANNAB412_PIN_STATE_LOW );
    Delay_ms( 100 );
}

void application_task ( void ) 
{
    annab412_process( &annab412 );
    if ( app_buf_len > 0 ) 
    {
        log_printf( &logger, "%s", app_buf );
        annab412_clear_app_buf( );
    }
}

void main ( void ) 
{
    application_init( );

    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }
}

static void annab412_clear_app_buf ( void ) 
{
    memset( app_buf, 0, app_buf_len );
    app_buf_len = 0;
}

static err_t annab412_process ( annab412_t *ctx ) 
{
    uint8_t rx_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ] = { 0 };
    int32_t rx_size = 0;
    rx_size = annab412_generic_read( ctx, rx_buf, PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
    if ( rx_size > 0 ) 
    {
        int32_t buf_cnt = app_buf_len;
        if ( ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) > PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE ) && ( app_buf_len > 0 ) ) 
        {
            buf_cnt = PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE - ( ( app_buf_len + rx_size ) - PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE );
            memmove ( app_buf, &app_buf[ PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE - buf_cnt ], buf_cnt );
        }
        for ( int32_t rx_cnt = 0; rx_cnt < rx_size; rx_cnt++ ) 
        {
            if ( rx_buf[ rx_cnt ] ) 
            {
                app_buf[ buf_cnt++ ] = rx_buf[ rx_cnt ];
                if ( app_buf_len < PROCESS_BUFFER_SIZE )
                {
                    app_buf_len++;
                }
            }
        }
        return ANNAB412_OK;
    }
    return ANNAB412_ERROR;
}

static err_t annab412_display_rsp ( char *rsp_end )
{
    uint32_t timeout = RSP_TIMEOUT;
    annab412_clear_app_buf( );
    while ( timeout-- )
    {
        annab412_process( &annab412 );
        if ( app_buf_len > 0 )
        {
            for ( int32_t buf_cnt = 0; buf_cnt < app_buf_len; buf_cnt++ )
            {
                log_printf( &logger, "%c", app_buf[ buf_cnt ] );
            }
            if ( strstr( app_buf, rsp_end ) )
            {
                annab412_clear_app_buf( );
                Delay_ms( 100 );
                annab412_process( &annab412 );
                for ( int32_t buf_cnt = 0; buf_cnt < app_buf_len; buf_cnt++ )
                {
                    log_printf( &logger, "%c", app_buf[ buf_cnt ] );
                }
                annab412_clear_app_buf( );
                log_printf( &logger, "--------------------------------\r\n" );
                return ANNAB412_OK;
            }
        }
        Delay_ms( 1 );
    }
    return ANNAB412_ERROR;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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