Intermediate
30 min

Enhance magnetic field detection with TLI5012B-E1000 and PIC32MZ2048EFM100

Revolutionizing angle sensing with GMR technology

GMR Angle Click with Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF

Published Sep 16, 2023

Click board™

GMR Angle Click

Dev. board

Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

PIC32MZ2048EFM100

Discover the transformative power of Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) elements, enhancing precision in measuring magnetic field orientations.

A

A

Hardware Overview

How does it work?

GMR Angle Click is based on the TLI5012B E1000, a GMR-based 360° angle sensor from Infineon for detects any kind the orientation of a magnetic field, and the analog multiplexer 74HCT4053, switch a bi-directional Synchronous Serial Communication DATA line. This is achieved by measuring sine and cosine angle components with monolithic integrated Giant Magneto Resistance (iGMR) elements. These raw signals (sine and cosine) are digitally processed internally to calculate the angle orientation of the magnetic field (magnet). The calibration parameters are stored in laser fuses. At start-up the values of the fuses are written into flip-flops, where these values can be changed by the application-specific parameters. Further precision of the angle measurement over a wide temperature range and a long lifetime are improved with the internal autocalibration algorithm. The Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) sensor is implemented using vertical integration. This means that the

GMR-sensitive areas are integrated above the logic part of the TLI5012B E1000 device. These GMR elements change their resistance depending on the direction of the magnetic field. Four individual GMR elements are connected to one Wheatstone sensor bridge. These GMR elements sense one of two components of the applied magnetic field: • X component, Vx (cosine) or the • Y component, Vy (sine) With this full-bridge structure the maximum GMR signal is available and temperature effects cancel out each other. The GMR Angle click also features the 74HCT4053, which is a triple single-pole double-throw analog switch (3x SPDT) suitable for use in analog or digital 2:1 multiplexer/demultiplexer applications. Each switch features a digital select input (Sn), two independent inputs/outputs (nY0 and nY1) and a common input/output (nZ). A digital enable input (E) is common to all switches. When E is HIGH, the switches are turned off. Inputs include clamp diodes. This enables the use of current limiting

resistors to interface inputs to voltages in excess of VCC. When CSS pin on microBUS is HIGH, switches in multiplexer connect DATA line with MOSI line, in other case when CSS pin is LOW, swithces connect DATA line with MISO line. The 74HCT4053 is mainly used for Analog multiplexing and demultiplexing, Digital multiplexing and demultiplexing and Signal gating, but in this one the 74HCT4053 is used for selection SPI line. These feature enable the GMR Angle click to be used for various applications, most notably for angular position sensing in industrial and consumer applications such as electrical commutated motor (e.g. BLDC), fans or pumps. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. This Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

GMR Angle Click top side image
GMR Angle Click bottom side image

Features overview

Development board

Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF development board is a fully integrated 32-bit development platform featuring the high-performance PIC32MZ EF Series (PIC32MZ2048EFM) that has a 2MB Flash, 512KB RAM, integrated FPU, Crypto accelerator, and excellent connectivity options. It includes an integrated programmer and debugger, requiring no additional hardware. Users can expand

functionality through MIKROE mikroBUS™ Click™ adapter boards, add Ethernet connectivity with the Microchip PHY daughter board, add WiFi connectivity capability using the Microchip expansions boards, and add audio input and output capability with Microchip audio daughter boards. These boards are fully integrated into PIC32’s powerful software framework, MPLAB Harmony,

which provides a flexible and modular interface to application development a rich set of inter-operable software stacks (TCP-IP, USB), and easy-to-use features. The Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF development board offers expansion capabilities making it an excellent choice for a rapid prototyping board in Connectivity, IOT, and general-purpose applications.

Curiosity PIC32MZ EF double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

PIC32

MCU Memory (KB)

2048

Silicon Vendor

Microchip

Pin count

100

RAM (Bytes)

524288

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

Interface A
RPB4
AN
Communication Serial Select
RA9
RST
SPI Chip Enable
RPD4
CS
SPI Clock
RPD1
SCK
SPI Data OUT
RPD14
MISO
SPI Data IN
RPD3
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
Interface C
RPE8
PWM
Interface B
RF13
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

GMR Angle Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Curiosity PIC32MZ EF front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF as your development board.

Curiosity PIC32MZ EF front image hardware assembly
Thermo 28 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Curiosity PIC32 MZ EF MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for GMR Angle Click driver.

Key functions:

  • gmrangle_read_data - Generic read 16-bit data function

  • gmrangle_write_data - Generic write 16-bit data function

  • gmrangle_calculate_angle - Calculate angle function.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief GmrAngle Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This is an example which demonstrates the use of GMR Angle Click board.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes GPIO pins, SPI and LOG modules.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Display angle value in degrees.
 * Results are being sent to the Usart Terminal where you can track their changes.
 * All data logs write on USB uart changes for every 300 msec.
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "gmrangle.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static gmrangle_t gmrangle;
static log_t logger;
static float angle;

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    gmrangle_cfg_t cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );

    //  Click initialization.
    gmrangle_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    GMRANGLE_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    gmrangle_init( &gmrangle, &cfg );
    
    GMRANGLE_SET_DATA_SAMPLE_EDGE; 
    
    log_printf( &logger, "---------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "   GMR Angle Click\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "---------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "        Start\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "---------------------\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    angle = gmrangle_calculate_angle( &gmrangle );
    log_printf( &logger, " Angle is %.1f\r\n", angle );
    Delay_ms ( 300 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}


// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief GmrAngle Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This is an example which demonstrates the use of GMR Angle Click board.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes GPIO pins, SPI and LOG modules.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Display angle value in degrees.
 * Results are being sent to the Usart Terminal where you can track their changes.
 * All data logs write on USB uart changes for every 300 msec.
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "gmrangle.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static gmrangle_t gmrangle;
static log_t logger;
static float angle;

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    gmrangle_cfg_t cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );

    //  Click initialization.
    gmrangle_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    GMRANGLE_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    gmrangle_init( &gmrangle, &cfg );
    
    GMRANGLE_SET_DATA_SAMPLE_EDGE; 
    
    log_printf( &logger, "---------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "   GMR Angle Click\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "---------------------\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "        Start\r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "---------------------\r\n" );
    Delay_ms ( 100 );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    angle = gmrangle_calculate_angle( &gmrangle );
    log_printf( &logger, " Angle is %.1f\r\n", angle );
    Delay_ms ( 300 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}


// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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