Intermediate
30 min

Illuminate, animate, and inspire with WS2812 and STM32F091RC

Pixels awaken!

10x10 RGB Click with Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Published Feb 26, 2024

Click board™

10x10 RGB Click

Dev. board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F091RC

Our solution, featuring a 10x10 display matrix of 100 'intelligent' RGB elements, transforms your creative ideas into mesmerizing visuals, making it the ultimate choice for dynamic displays, animations, and interactive presentations

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

10x10 RGB Click is based on the WS2812, an intelligent control LED light source from Worldsemi. Its exterior adopts the latest MOLDING packaging technology, and the control circuit and RGB chips are integrated into a package of 2020 components. It's internal includes an intelligent digital port data latch and signal reshaping amplification drive circuit. It also includes a precision internal oscillator and a voltage-programmable constant current control part, ensuring consistent pixel point light color height. The data transfer protocol use single NZR communication mode. After the pixel power-on reset, the DIN port receive data from controller, the first pixel collect initial 24bit data then sent to the internal data latch, the other data which reshaping by the internal signal reshaping amplification circuit sent to the next cascade pixel through the DO port. After transmission for each

pixel, the signal to reduce 24bit. pixel adopt auto reshaping transmit technology, making the pixel cascade number is not limited the signal transmission, only depend on the speed of signal transmission. RESET time >280μs , it won't cause wrong reset while interruption, it supports the lower frequency and inexpensive MCU. Refresh Frequency updates to 2KHz, Low Frame Frequency and No Flicker appear in HD Video Camera, it improve excellent display effect. LED with low driving voltage, environmental protection and energy saving, high brightness, large scattering angle, good consistency, low power, long life and other advantages. The control chip integrated in LED above becoming more simple circuit, small volume, convenient installation. 10x10 RGB Click can be used in many applications, like full-color module, full color soft lights a lamp strip, LED decorative lighting, indoor/outdoor LED

irregular screen, game machine and amusement equipment, and more. The INT pin of the mikroBUS™, which is labeled as DO on this Click board™, allows cascading of multiple 10x10 RGB click devices. It simply routes the data line back to the mikroBUS™, allowing it to be re-used for the next 10x10 RGB click, and so on. The length of the whole chain is limited only by the communication speed, required to scan through all the LED devices, in order to maintain a reasonable refresh speed. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.

10x10 RGB Click top side image
10x10 RGB Click bottom side image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin

headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is

provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.

Nucleo 64 with STM32F091RC MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

256

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

64

RAM (Bytes)

32768

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
NC
NC
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
NC
NC
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
Data Input
PC8
PWM
Data Output
PC14
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

10x10 RGB Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 front image hardware assembly
Nucleo 64 with STM32F401RE MCU front image hardware assembly
EEPROM 13 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Nucleo-64 with STM32XXX MCU MB 1 Mini B Conn - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Clicker 4 for STM32F4 HA MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for 10x10 RGB Click driver.

Key functions:

  • c10x10rgb_display_image - This function displays an image from the specified demo_image address

  • c10x10rgb_display_byte - This function displays the specified byte

  • c10x10rgb_display_string - This function displays the specified string.

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief 10x10 RGB Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This example showcases how to initialize, configure and use the 10x10 RGB Click module. The
 * Click has a 10 by 10 RGB LED matrix which can be programmed to show different colors or even
 * images. LED elements that form the matrix communicate by a single line with the host MCU.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * This function initializes and configures the Click board.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * This function first displays 3 chars { R, G, B }, the string "MIKROE", the company logo and
 * a rainbow in the end.
 * 
 * @note
 * Make sure the logic delays are defined for your system in the c10x10rgb_delays.h file.
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "c10x10rgb.h"
#include "c10x10rgb_delays.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static c10x10rgb_t c10x10rgb;

const uint32_t MIKROE_IMAGE[ 100 ] =
{
    0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x000000,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x181800,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x181800,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x000000,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x181800,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,
    0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000,0x000000
};

static c10x10rgb_byte_t scroll_data_obj[ 6 ] =
{
    { 'M', C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_COLOR_YELLOW_25, C10X10RGB_SCROLL_ROTATE_V },
    { 'I', C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_COLOR_YELLOW_25, C10X10RGB_SCROLL_ROTATE_V },
    { 'K', C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_COLOR_YELLOW_25, C10X10RGB_SCROLL_ROTATE_V },
    { 'R', C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_COLOR_YELLOW_25, C10X10RGB_SCROLL_ROTATE_V },
    { 'O', C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_COLOR_YELLOW_25, C10X10RGB_SCROLL_ROTATE_V },
    { 'E', C10X10RGB_COLOR_YELLOW_25, C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_SCROLL_ROTATE_V }
};

static uint16_t scroll_speed_ms = 100;
static uint8_t scroll_data_len = 6;

static c10x10rgb_byte_t rgb_data_byte[ 3 ] =
{
    { 'R', C10X10RGB_COLOR_RED_25, C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_BYTE_ROTATE_H_UP },
    { 'G', C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_COLOR_GREEN_25, C10X10RGB_BYTE_ROTATE_H_UP },
    { 'B', C10X10RGB_COLOR_BLUE_25, C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF, C10X10RGB_BYTE_ROTATE_H_UP }
};

static uint8_t rainbow_brightness = 10;
static uint16_t rainbow_speed_ms = 20;                                                 

// ------------------------------------------------------- ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

static void logic_zero ( void )
{
    hal_ll_gpio_set_pin_output( &c10x10rgb.di_pin.pin );
    DELAY_TOH;
    hal_ll_gpio_clear_pin_output( &c10x10rgb.di_pin.pin );
    DELAY_TOL;
}

static void logic_one ( void )
{
    hal_ll_gpio_set_pin_output( &c10x10rgb.di_pin.pin );
    DELAY_T1H;
    hal_ll_gpio_clear_pin_output( &c10x10rgb.di_pin.pin );
    DELAY_T1L;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    c10x10rgb_cfg_t cfg;

    //  Click initialization.
    c10x10rgb_cfg_setup( &cfg, &logic_zero, &logic_one );
    C10X10RGB_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    c10x10rgb_init( &c10x10rgb, &cfg );

    c10x10rgb_fill_screen( &c10x10rgb, C10X10RGB_COLOR_OFF );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    c10x10rgb_display_byte ( &c10x10rgb, &rgb_data_byte[ 0 ] );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    c10x10rgb_display_byte ( &c10x10rgb, &rgb_data_byte[ 1 ] );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    c10x10rgb_display_byte ( &c10x10rgb, &rgb_data_byte[ 2 ] );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    
    c10x10rgb_display_string( &c10x10rgb, &scroll_data_obj, scroll_data_len, scroll_speed_ms );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    c10x10rgb_display_image( &c10x10rgb, &MIKROE_IMAGE[ 0 ] );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    c10x10rgb_demo_rainbow( &c10x10rgb, rainbow_brightness, rainbow_speed_ms );
    Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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