Upgrade your audio equipment with PCM5142 and STM32F446RE
Experience sound at its best
Published Oct 08, 2024
Click board™
Audio DAC Click
Dev. board
Nucleo 64 with STM32F446RE MCU
Compiler
NECTO Studio
MCU
STM32F446RE
Elevate your audio quality by converting sound into a premium analog signal, ensuring an exceptional audio playback experience
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
Audio DAC Click is based on a combination of DIR9001 and PCM5142, a digital audio interface receiver and audio stereo DAC from Texas Instruments, suitable for upgrading your audio equipment. The DIR9001 audio receiver can accept signals up to a 108kHz sampling rate at the highest, 24-bit data word, biphase-encoded signal, and complies with the jitter specification IEC60958-3, JEITA CPR1205 (Revised version of EIAJ CP-1201), AES3, and EBUtech3250. These signals are brought to the DIR9001 via an onboard fiber optic S/PDIF connector, better known as Sony/Philips digital interface format, a digital audio interface often used in consumer audio equipment. After receiving the signals, the DIR9001 forwards them for further processing by the stereo audio DAC, the PCM5142, also from Texas Instruments. The PCM5142 has a fully programmable miniDSP core, allowing developers
to integrate filters, dynamic range controls, custom interpolators, and other differentiating features into their applications. It uses the latest generation of TI's advanced segment-DAC architecture to achieve excellent dynamic performance, detailed heights, and an exceptionally good sound stage. Compared with existing DAC technology, the PCM5142 offers up to 20dB lower out-of-band noise, reducing EMI and aliasing in downstream amplifiers/ADCs, and accepts industry-standard audio data formats with 16- to 32-bit data and sample rates up to 384kHz. After stereo DAC processing, the output audio signal is available to users for further use on the 3.5mm-line output audio jack, making it suitable for various multimedia systems, satellite radio, CD and DVD players, and more. The PCM5142 communicates with MCU using the standard I2C 2-Wire data transmission protocol
that supports Standard-Mode (100 kHz) and Fast-Mode (400 kHz) operations. In addition to communication pins, this board has several additional functions, providing users with application flexibility. Besides the I2C signals, the mikroBUS™ also has an auto-mute function routed to the MUT pin on the mikroBUS™ socket to mute the device upon intentional or unintentional power loss, as well as one user-configurable general-purpose pin, the IO4 pin of the mikroBUS™ socket. The onboard button labeled as RST can reset the DIR9001 audio receiver. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Nucleo-64 with STM32F446RE MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin
headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is
provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
ARM Cortex-M4
MCU Memory (KB)
512
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
64
RAM (Bytes)
131072
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 64 with STM32F446RE MCU as your development board.
Track your results in real time
Application Output
1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.
2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.
3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for Audio DAC Click driver.
Key functions:
audiodac_get_gpio4_pin- This function returns the GPIO4 pin logic state. The GPIO4 pin is mapped to auto mute flag output for both L and R channels by defaultaudiodac_volume_control- This function sets the volume level for the selected output channel
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief Audio DAC Click example
*
* # Description
* This example demonstrates the use of Audio DAC click board by controling the volume
* level of both output channels.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and performs the click default configuration.
*
* ## Application Task
* Checks if the auto mute flag is set and then changes the volume level of both output channels
* every 100ms. All data is being displayed on the USB UART where you can track the program flow.
*
* @author Stefan Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "audiodac.h"
static audiodac_t audiodac;
static log_t logger;
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
audiodac_cfg_t audiodac_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
audiodac_cfg_setup( &audiodac_cfg );
AUDIODAC_MAP_MIKROBUS( audiodac_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
if ( I2C_MASTER_ERROR == audiodac_init( &audiodac, &audiodac_cfg ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Communication init." );
for ( ; ; );
}
if ( AUDIODAC_ERROR == audiodac_default_cfg ( &audiodac ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Default configuration." );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
static uint8_t volume = AUDIODAC_VOLUME_MUTE;
if ( audiodac_get_gpio4_pin ( &audiodac ) )
{
log_printf ( &logger, " Auto mute flag (both L and R channels are auto muted)\r\n" );
// Wait until the channels are auto unmuted, i.e. until a valid digital signal is received
while ( audiodac_get_gpio4_pin ( &audiodac ) );
}
if ( AUDIODAC_OK == audiodac_volume_control ( &audiodac, AUDIODAC_CHANNEL_BOTH, volume ) )
{
log_printf ( &logger, "\r\n Volume: " );
if ( AUDIODAC_VOLUME_MUTE == volume )
{
log_printf ( &logger, "MUTE\r\n" );
Delay_ms ( 3000 );
}
else if ( AUDIODAC_VOLUME_MAX == volume )
{
log_printf ( &logger, "MAX\r\n" );
Delay_ms ( 3000 );
}
else
{
log_printf ( &logger, "%u\r\n", ( uint16_t ) volume );
Delay_ms ( 100 );
}
volume++;
if ( volume > AUDIODAC_VOLUME_MAX )
{
volume = AUDIODAC_VOLUME_MUTE;
}
}
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
Additional Support
Resources
Category:Speakers
