Experience the future of magnetic sensing technology with our innovative solution, designed to monitor magnetic fields, magnet motion, and rotational angles for a wide range of applications
A
A
Hardware Overview
How does it work?
Magneto 9 Click is based on the A1359, a one-time programmable, dual tracking output, linear Hall-effect sensor from Allegro MicroSystems. It provides a dual analog/PWM output, where the PWM output tracks the analog output to within a +/-3% mismatch. It comes with factory-programmed output polarity; in this case, a forward polarity, meaning that output voltage increases with increasing positive (south) applied magnetic field. The A1359 targets the automotive market with end applications, including electronic power steering (torque sensing), transmission component position, brake and clutch cylinder
position, and various other industrial applications. The analog output signal of the A1359 can be converted to a digital value using MCP3221, a successive approximation A/D converter with a 12-bit resolution from Microchip, using a 2-wire I2C compatible interface, or can be sent directly to an analog pin of the mikroBUS™ socket labeled as AN. Selection can be performed by onboard SMD jumper labeled AD SEL to an appropriate position marked as AN and ADC. The MCP3221 provides one single-ended input with low power consumption, a low maximum conversion current, and a Standby current of 250μA and 1μA,
respectively. Data can be transferred at up to 100kbit/s in the Standard and 400kbit/s in the Fast Mode. Also, maximum sample rates of 22.3kSPS with the MCP3221 are possible in a Continuous-Conversion Mode with a clock rate of 400kHz. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 5V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, it comes equipped with a library containing functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Nucleo-64 with STM32F103RB MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin
headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is
provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU

Architecture
ARM Cortex-M3
MCU Memory (KB)
128
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
64
RAM (Bytes)
20480
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic

Step by step
Project assembly
Track your results in real time
Application Output
1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for Magneto 9 Click driver.
Key functions:
magneto9_read_adc_voltage
- This function reads raw 12-bit ADC data and converts it to voltage by using I2C serial interfacemagneto9_read_an_pin_voltage
- This function reads results of AD conversion of the AN pin and converts them to proportional voltage levelmagneto9_get_pwm_pin
- This function returns the PWM pin logic state.
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief Magneto 9 Click Example.
*
* # Description
* This example demonstrates the use of Magneto 9 click board.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and logger.
*
* ## Application Task
* Reads the ADC voltage and calculates the magnetic field strength from it.
* Voltage increases with increasing positive (south) applied magnetic field.
* All data are being displayed on the USB UART where you can track their changes.
*
* @author Stefan Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "magneto9.h"
static magneto9_t magneto9; /**< Magneto 9 Click driver object. */
static log_t logger; /**< Logger object. */
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
magneto9_cfg_t magneto9_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
Delay_ms ( 100 );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
magneto9_cfg_setup( &magneto9_cfg );
MAGNETO9_MAP_MIKROBUS( magneto9_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
if ( ADC_ERROR == magneto9_init( &magneto9, &magneto9_cfg ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
float voltage = 0;
if ( MAGNETO9_OK == magneto9_read_an_pin_voltage ( &magneto9, &voltage ) )
{
float field_strength = MAGNETO9_VOLTAGE_TO_FIELD_STRENGTH ( voltage );
log_printf( &logger, " ADC Voltage : %.3f V\r\n", voltage );
log_printf( &logger, " Magnetic field strength : %.3f mT\r\n", field_strength );
if ( field_strength < 0 )
{
log_printf( &logger, " The North Pole magnetic field prevails.\r\n\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, " The South Pole magnetic field prevails.\r\n\n" );
}
}
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}
int main ( void )
{
/* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
#ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
preinit();
#endif
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
return 0;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
/*!
* @file main.c
* @brief Magneto 9 Click Example.
*
* # Description
* This example demonstrates the use of Magneto 9 click board.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Initializes the driver and logger.
*
* ## Application Task
* Reads the ADC voltage and calculates the magnetic field strength from it.
* Voltage increases with increasing positive (south) applied magnetic field.
* All data are being displayed on the USB UART where you can track their changes.
*
* @author Stefan Filipovic
*
*/
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "magneto9.h"
static magneto9_t magneto9; /**< Magneto 9 Click driver object. */
static log_t logger; /**< Logger object. */
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg; /**< Logger config object. */
magneto9_cfg_t magneto9_cfg; /**< Click config object. */
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
Delay_ms ( 100 );
log_info( &logger, " Application Init " );
// Click initialization.
magneto9_cfg_setup( &magneto9_cfg );
MAGNETO9_MAP_MIKROBUS( magneto9_cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
if ( ADC_ERROR == magneto9_init( &magneto9, &magneto9_cfg ) )
{
log_error( &logger, " Application Init Error. " );
log_info( &logger, " Please, run program again... " );
for ( ; ; );
}
log_info( &logger, " Application Task " );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
float voltage = 0;
if ( MAGNETO9_OK == magneto9_read_an_pin_voltage ( &magneto9, &voltage ) )
{
float field_strength = MAGNETO9_VOLTAGE_TO_FIELD_STRENGTH ( voltage );
log_printf( &logger, " ADC Voltage : %.3f V\r\n", voltage );
log_printf( &logger, " Magnetic field strength : %.3f mT\r\n", field_strength );
if ( field_strength < 0 )
{
log_printf( &logger, " The North Pole magnetic field prevails.\r\n\n" );
}
else
{
log_printf( &logger, " The South Pole magnetic field prevails.\r\n\n" );
}
}
Delay_ms ( 1000 );
}
int main ( void )
{
/* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
#ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
preinit();
#endif
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
return 0;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
Additional Support
Resources
Category:Magnetic