Combine MPR121 with STM32F091RC and create any capacitive application you can think of
Seven clamps, endless possibilities!
Published Feb 26, 2024
Click board™
TouchClamp Click
Dev. board
Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU
Compiler
NECTO Studio
MCU
STM32F091RC
Designed to enhance user experience, our solution facilitates the seamless integration of conductive materials, allowing them to serve as intuitive input buttons
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Hardware Overview
How does it work?
TouchClamp Click is based on the MPR121, a proximity capacitive touch sensor controller from NXP Semiconductors. The MPR121 uses seven electrodes/capacitance sensing inputs, four of which are multifunctional for LED driving (H, C, B, A) and GPIO. One electrode is an extra capacitive button in the middle of the board labeled H. It also features the 8th simulated electrode, which represents the simultaneous charging of all electrodes connected together. The MPR121 has integrated independent autocalibration and autoconfiguration for each electrode input and separate touch and release trip thresholds for each, providing hysteresis and electrode independence. The easiest way to experiment with TouchClamp click is to use wires with alligator clips. Let your imagination roam free when choosing conductive objects such as cans, fruit, jar lids, and more. The MPR121 chip has several features in addition that simplify development and integration. First, it applies three levels of digital filtering to the raw ADC data to remove high and low-frequency noise, ensuring that
the interrupts are properly registered in a broad range of applications. The auto-calibration function, according to the vendor's datasheet, "continually learns the background baseline capacitance of each individual electrode, so the system only has to program the amount of small change from these baselines that represents a touch or release." The auto-configuration uses the given target charge level so the chip can automatically run to get an optimized charge current and charge time setting for each electrode without knowing the specific capacitance value on the electrode input. The capacitance sensing uses a constant DC current capacitance sensing scheme and can measure capacitances ranging from 10pF to over 2000pF, with resolutions up to 0.01pF. The voltage measured on the input sensing node is inversely proportional to the capacitance and is sampled by an internal 10-bit ADC. The touch sensing compares the baseline value with the current immediate electrode data to determine if a touch or a release has occurred, with the ability to set a touch/release threshold.
The proximity sensing acts as the near proximity sensing system, where all electrodes can be summoned together to create a single large electrode, thus covering a much larger area. Touch sensing and proximity sensing can be used at the same time. Among 12 electrodes, eight of them can be used as a GPIO and can be used to drive LEDs or for GPIO. The TouchClamp Click uses an I2C 2-Wire interface to communicate with the host MCU. It also has an ADDR SEL jumper to choose between the two available I2C addresses and can be connected to VDD or VSS (VSS position set by default). In addition, the TouchClamp Click comes with an interrupt INT pin, which is triggered anytime a touch or release is detected. This Click board™ can be operated only with a 3.3V logic voltage level. The board must perform appropriate logic voltage level conversion before using MCUs with different logic levels. Also, this Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used as a reference for further development.
Features overview
Development board
Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin
headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is
provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.
Microcontroller Overview
MCU Card / MCU
Architecture
ARM Cortex-M0
MCU Memory (KB)
256
Silicon Vendor
STMicroelectronics
Pin count
64
RAM (Bytes)
32768
You complete me!
Accessories
Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.
Used MCU Pins
mikroBUS™ mapper
Take a closer look
Click board™ Schematic
Step by step
Project assembly
Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU as your development board.
Track your results in real time
Application Output
1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.
2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.
3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.
Software Support
Library Description
This library contains API for TouchClamp Click driver.
Key functions:
etouchclamp_get_touch_data- Get touch data function
Open Source
Code example
The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.
/*!
* \file
* \brief TouchClamp Click example
*
* # Description
* This demo-app shows the touch position using TouchClamp click.
*
* The demo application is composed of two sections :
*
* ## Application Init
* Configuring clicks and log objects.
* Setting the click in the default configuration.
*
* ## Application Task
* Detect and dispay touch position when the click is triggered.
*
* \author Nenad Filipovic
*
*/
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES
#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "touchclamp.h"
// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES
static touchclamp_t touchclamp;
static log_t logger;
uint16_t touch_data;
uint16_t touch_data_old;
// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS
void application_init ( void )
{
log_cfg_t log_cfg;
touchclamp_cfg_t cfg;
/**
* Logger initialization.
* Default baud rate: 115200
* Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
* @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX
* are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will
* need to define them manually for log to work.
* See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
*/
LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );
// Click initialization.
touchclamp_cfg_setup( &cfg );
TOUCHCLAMP_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
touchclamp_init( &touchclamp, &cfg );
Delay_ms( 100 );
touchclamp_soft_reset( &touchclamp );
Delay_ms( 100 );
touchclamp_default_cfg( &touchclamp );
Delay_ms( 100 );
touch_data_old = TOUCHCLAMP_NO_TOUCH;
log_printf( &logger, "-------------------\r\n" );
log_printf( &logger, " Touch Clamp Click \r\n" );
log_printf( &logger, "-------------------\r\n" );
}
void application_task ( void )
{
touch_data = touchclamp_get_touch_data( &touchclamp );
if ( touch_data_old != touch_data )
{
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_H )
log_printf( &logger, " - - - - - - - H\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_G )
log_printf( &logger, " - - - - - - G -\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_F )
log_printf( &logger, " - - - - - F - -\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_E )
log_printf( &logger, " - - - - E - - -\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_D )
log_printf( &logger, " - - - D - - - -\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_C )
log_printf( &logger, " - - C - - - - -\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_B )
log_printf( &logger, " - B - - - - - -\r\n" );
if ( touch_data == TOUCHCLAMP_TOUCH_POSITION_A )
log_printf( &logger, " A - - - - - - -\r\n" );
touch_data_old = touch_data;
}
}
void main ( void )
{
application_init( );
for ( ; ; )
{
application_task( );
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END
