Intermediate
30 min

Monitor, protect, and optimize your battery life with STC3115 and STM32F091RC

Stay in control of your battery's health

BATT-MON Click with Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Published Feb 26, 2024

Click board™

BATT-MON Click

Dev. board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F091RC

A battery monitoring solution that provides valuable insights into your battery's performance, helping you identify issues and optimize its usage

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Hardware Overview

How does it work?

BATT-MON Click is based on the STC3115, a high-precision battery gas gauge IC with alarm output for handheld applications, from STMicroelectronics. It includes all necessary components for the STC3115 to ensure the proper functionality of the Click board™ and maintain the monitoring precision. The monitoring functions include the measurement of battery voltage, current, and temperature. A Coulomb counter is available to track the SOC when the battery is charging or discharging at a high rate. A sigma-delta A/D converter measures the voltage, current, and temperature. The STC3115 can operate in two different modes with different power consumption. Mode selection is made by the VMODE bit in register 0. For more information about registers and operating

modes, refer to the modes STC3115 datasheet. Battery voltage is measured by using one conversion cycle of the A/D converter every 4 s. The conversion cycle takes 8192 clock cycles, which means that when the internal 32768Hz clock is used, the conversion cycle time is 250ms. The voltage range is 0 to 4.5V, and the resolution is 2.20mV. The accuracy of the voltage measurement is ±0.5% over the temperature range. This allows accurate SOC information from the battery open-circuit voltage. The voltage drop across the sense resistor (R9) for current sensing is measured with the internal 14-bit sigma-delta A/D converter. Using the 32768Hz internal clock, the conversion cycle time is 500 ms for a 14-bit resolution. The LSB value is 5.88μV. The A/D converter output is in two’s complement format.

When a conversion cycle is completed, the result is added to the Coulomb counter accumulator, and the number of conversions is incremented in a 16-bit counter. The current register is updated only after the conversion closest to the voltage conversion (once per 4s measurement cycle). The result is stored in the REG_CURRENT register. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the VCC SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.

batt-mon-click-hardware-overview

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU offers a cost-effective and adaptable platform for developers to explore new ideas and prototype their designs. This board harnesses the versatility of the STM32 microcontroller, enabling users to select the optimal balance of performance and power consumption for their projects. It accommodates the STM32 microcontroller in the LQFP64 package and includes essential components such as a user LED, which doubles as an ARDUINO® signal, alongside user and reset push-buttons, and a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator for precise timing operations. Designed with expansion and flexibility in mind, the Nucleo-64 board features an ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector and ST morpho extension pin

headers, granting complete access to the STM32's I/Os for comprehensive project integration. Power supply options are adaptable, supporting ST-LINK USB VBUS or external power sources, ensuring adaptability in various development environments. The board also has an on-board ST-LINK debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability, simplifying the programming and debugging process. Moreover, the board is designed to simplify advanced development with its external SMPS for efficient Vcore logic supply, support for USB Device full speed or USB SNK/UFP full speed, and built-in cryptographic features, enhancing both the power efficiency and security of projects. Additional connectivity is

provided through dedicated connectors for external SMPS experimentation, a USB connector for the ST-LINK, and a MIPI® debug connector, expanding the possibilities for hardware interfacing and experimentation. Developers will find extensive support through comprehensive free software libraries and examples, courtesy of the STM32Cube MCU Package. This, combined with compatibility with a wide array of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), including IAR Embedded Workbench®, MDK-ARM, and STM32CubeIDE, ensures a smooth and efficient development experience, allowing users to fully leverage the capabilities of the Nucleo-64 board in their projects.

Nucleo 64 with STM32F091RC MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

256

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

64

RAM (Bytes)

32768

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 comes equipped with two proprietary mikroBUS™ sockets, allowing all the Click board™ devices to be interfaced with the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with no effort. This way, Mikroe allows its users to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™, such as WiFi, GSM, GPS, Bluetooth, ZigBee, environmental sensors, LEDs, speech recognition, motor control, movement sensors, and many more. More than 1537 Click boards™, which can be stacked and integrated, are at your disposal. The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards are based on the microcontrollers in 64-pin packages, a 32-bit MCU with an ARM Cortex M4 processor operating at 84MHz, 512Kb Flash, and 96KB SRAM, divided into two regions where the top section represents the ST-Link/V2 debugger and programmer while the bottom section of the board is an actual development board. These boards are controlled and powered conveniently through a USB connection to program and efficiently debug the Nucleo-64 board out of the box, with an additional USB cable connected to the USB mini port on the board. Most of the STM32 microcontroller pins are brought to the IO pins on the left and right edge of the board, which are then connected to two existing mikroBUS™ sockets. This Click Shield also has several switches that perform functions such as selecting the logic levels of analog signals on mikroBUS™ sockets and selecting logic voltage levels of the mikroBUS™ sockets themselves. Besides, the user is offered the possibility of using any Click board™ with the help of existing bidirectional level-shifting voltage translators, regardless of whether the Click board™ operates at a 3.3V or 5V logic voltage level. Once you connect the STM32 Nucleo-64 board with our Click Shield for Nucleo-64, you can access hundreds of Click boards™, working with 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

NC
NC
AN
Reset sense input / control output
PC12
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Alarm
PC14
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
I2C Clock
PB8
SCL
I2C Data
PB9
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

BATT-MON Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo-64 with STM32F091RC MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-64 accessories 1 image hardware assembly
Nucleo 64 with STM32F401RE MCU front image hardware assembly
LTE IoT 5 Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
LTE IoT 5 Click complete accessories setup image hardware assembly
Board mapper by product8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Clicker 4 for STM32F4 HA MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for BATT-MON Click driver.

Key functions:

  • battmon_get_data - Data Get function

  • battmon_get_alm_pin - ALM Pin Get function

  • battmon_reset_conv_cnt - Conversion Counter Reset function

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief BattMon Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * This application is battery charger.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initializes I2C serial interface, reads the part ID and
 * performs a device configuration and alarm setting.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * Checks the conversion counter value and when conversion was done
 * reads data calculated to the properly unit and checks the alarm status.
 * All results will be sent to the uart terminal.
 * 
 * *note:* 
 * Voltage and current conversion will be done after 4 seconds.
 * Temperature conversion will be done after 16 seconds.
 * After temperature reading the conversion counter will be cleared.
 * Clearing the alarm while the corresponding low-voltage or low-SOC condition is still in progress 
 * does not generate another interrupt. This condition must disappear first and must be detected again 
 * before another interrupt (ALM pin driven low or alarm interrupt bits are set high) is generated for this alarm.
 * Another alarm condition, if not yet triggered, can still generate an interrupt.
 * Input voltage must be in the range from 2.7V to 4.5V.
 * Maximal battery current is 5A.
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "battmon.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static battmon_t battmon;
static log_t logger;
static uint8_t reg_read;

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    battmon_cfg_t cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info( &logger, "---- Application Init ----" );

    //  Click initialization.

    battmon_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    BATTMON_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    battmon_init( &battmon, &cfg );

    Delay_ms ( 500 );

    battmon_read_bytes( &battmon, BATTMON_REG_ID, &reg_read, 1 );
    log_printf( &logger, " ** Part ID: 0x%d \r\n", (uint16_t) reg_read );

    battmon_default_cfg( &battmon );
    
    log_printf( &logger, "** BattMon initialization done ** \r\n" );
    log_printf( &logger, "********************************* \r\n" );
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    char cels_symbol[ 3 ] = { 176, 'C', 0 };
    float data_read;
    uint16_t conv_cnt;

    conv_cnt = battmon_get_data( &battmon, BATTMON_REG_COUNTER );

    if ( ( ( conv_cnt % 4 ) == 0 ) && ( conv_cnt > 0 ) )
    {
        data_read = battmon_get_data( &battmon, BATTMON_REG_SOC );
        log_printf( &logger, "** Gas Gauge Relative SOC : %.2f %% \r\n ", data_read );
    
        data_read = battmon_get_data( &battmon, BATTMON_REG_CURRENT );
        log_printf( &logger, "** Battery Current : %.2f mA \r\n", data_read );

        
        data_read = battmon_get_data( &battmon, BATTMON_REG_VOLTAGE );
        log_printf( &logger, "** Battery Voltage : %.2f mV \r\n", data_read );
        
        if ( ( conv_cnt % 16 ) == 0 )
        {
            data_read = battmon_get_data( &battmon, BATTMON_REG_TEMPERATURE );
            battmon_reset_conv_cnt( &battmon );
            log_printf( &logger, "** Temperature :  %.2f %s\r\n", data_read, cels_symbol );
        }
        
        reg_read = battmon_check_clear_alarm( &battmon );

        if ( ( reg_read & BATTMON_ALM_SOC_DET_MASK ) != BATTMON_LOG_LOW )
        {
            log_printf( &logger,  "** Low-SOC Condition! \r\n" );
        }
        if ( ( reg_read & BATTMON_ALM_VOLT_DET_MASK ) != BATTMON_LOG_LOW )
        {
            log_printf( &logger,  "** Low-Voltage Condition! \r\n" ); 
        }
        
        log_printf( &logger, "********************************* \r\n" );
        Delay_ms ( 1000 );
    }
    else
    {
        Delay_ms ( 200 );
    }
}

int main ( void ) 
{
    /* Do not remove this line or clock might not be set correctly. */
    #ifdef PREINIT_SUPPORTED
    preinit();
    #endif
    
    application_init( );
    
    for ( ; ; ) 
    {
        application_task( );
    }

    return 0;
}

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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