Beginner
10 min

Provide info of object presence or absence using GP2S700HCP and STM32F031K6

Detect – Inform – React !

IR REFLECT Click with Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Published Oct 01, 2024

Click board™

IR REFLECT Click

Dev. board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU

Compiler

NECTO Studio

MCU

STM32F031K6

Uncover object presence and precise positioning through the analysis of reflected light

A

A

Hardware Overview

How does it work?

IR REFLECT is based on the GP2S700HCP, a phototransistor output reflective photo interrupter from Sharp Microelectronics. It consists of one infrared emitter and one receiver facing the same direction towards the object. When the infrared beam from the emitter bounces back to the emitter when an object is placed within range, it triggers the photo interrupter, thus activating the sensor. The board can set off a false alarm if the sensor is exposed to other infrared light sources, such as an ordinary incandescent light bulb.

Infrared light will not reflect from the black surface, so the Click board™ will not detect it either. Meanwhile, reflective metallic surfaces will trigger the sensor from a more extensive range. The IR Reflect Click board communicates with the host MCU by sending analog values over the AN pin of the mikroBUS™ socket. In addition, this Click board™ features an LM2903, a low-power dual voltage comparator from STMicroelectronics. With the help of a P1 potentiometer and this voltage comparator, it is possible to set an

interrupt threshold that can provide information over an INT pin of this Click board™. The interrupt will also trigger an INT LED as a visual indicator. This Click board™ can operate with either 3.3V or 5V logic voltage levels selected via the PWR SEL jumper. This way, both 3.3V and 5V capable MCUs can use the communication lines properly. However, the Click board™ comes equipped with a library containing easy-to-use functions and an example code that can be used, as a reference, for further development.

IR REFLECT Click hardware overview image

Features overview

Development board

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU board provides an affordable and flexible platform for experimenting with STM32 microcontrollers in 32-pin packages. Featuring Arduino™ Nano connectivity, it allows easy expansion with specialized shields, while being mbed-enabled for seamless integration with online resources. The

board includes an on-board ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer, supporting USB reenumeration with three interfaces: Virtual Com port, mass storage, and debug port. It offers a flexible power supply through either USB VBUS or an external source. Additionally, it includes three LEDs (LD1 for USB communication, LD2 for power,

and LD3 as a user LED) and a reset push button. The STM32 Nucleo-32 board is supported by various Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) such as IAR™, Keil®, and GCC-based IDEs like AC6 SW4STM32, making it a versatile tool for developers.

Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU double side image

Microcontroller Overview

MCU Card / MCU

default

Architecture

ARM Cortex-M0

MCU Memory (KB)

32

Silicon Vendor

STMicroelectronics

Pin count

32

RAM (Bytes)

4096

You complete me!

Accessories

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is the perfect way to expand your development board's functionalities with STM32 Nucleo-32 pinout. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 provides two mikroBUS™ sockets to add any functionality from our ever-growing range of Click boards™. We are fully stocked with everything, from sensors and WiFi transceivers to motor control and audio amplifiers. The Click Shield for Nucleo-32 is compatible with the STM32 Nucleo-32 board, providing an affordable and flexible way for users to try out new ideas and quickly create prototypes with any STM32 microcontrollers, choosing from the various combinations of performance, power consumption, and features. The STM32 Nucleo-32 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer and come with the STM32 comprehensive software HAL library and various packaged software examples. This development platform provides users with an effortless and common way to combine the STM32 Nucleo-32 footprint compatible board with their favorite Click boards™ in their upcoming projects.

Click Shield for Nucleo-32 accessories 1 image

Used MCU Pins

mikroBUS™ mapper

Analog Signal
PA0
AN
NC
NC
RST
NC
NC
CS
NC
NC
SCK
NC
NC
MISO
NC
NC
MOSI
Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
Ground
GND
GND
NC
NC
PWM
Object Detection Interrupt
PA12
INT
NC
NC
TX
NC
NC
RX
NC
NC
SCL
NC
NC
SDA
Power Supply
5V
5V
Ground
GND
GND
1

Take a closer look

Click board™ Schematic

IR REFLECT Click Schematic schematic

Step by step

Project assembly

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly

Start by selecting your development board and Click board™. Begin with the Nucleo 32 with STM32F031K6 MCU as your development board.

Click Shield for Nucleo-144 front image hardware assembly
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2x4 RGB Click front image hardware assembly
Prog-cut hardware assembly
Nucleo-32 with STM32 MCU MB 1 - upright/background hardware assembly
Necto image step 2 hardware assembly
Necto image step 3 hardware assembly
Necto image step 4 hardware assembly
Necto image step 5 hardware assembly
Necto image step 6 hardware assembly
Clicker 4 for STM32F4 HA MCU Step hardware assembly
Necto No Display image step 8 hardware assembly
Necto image step 9 hardware assembly
Necto image step 10 hardware assembly
Debug Image Necto Step hardware assembly

Track your results in real time

Application Output

1. Application Output - In Debug mode, the 'Application Output' window enables real-time data monitoring, offering direct insight into execution results. Ensure proper data display by configuring the environment correctly using the provided tutorial.

2. UART Terminal - Use the UART Terminal to monitor data transmission via a USB to UART converter, allowing direct communication between the Click board™ and your development system. Configure the baud rate and other serial settings according to your project's requirements to ensure proper functionality. For step-by-step setup instructions, refer to the provided tutorial.

3. Plot Output - The Plot feature offers a powerful way to visualize real-time sensor data, enabling trend analysis, debugging, and comparison of multiple data points. To set it up correctly, follow the provided tutorial, which includes a step-by-step example of using the Plot feature to display Click board™ readings. To use the Plot feature in your code, use the function: plot(*insert_graph_name*, variable_name);. This is a general format, and it is up to the user to replace 'insert_graph_name' with the actual graph name and 'variable_name' with the parameter to be displayed.

Software Support

Library Description

This library contains API for IR REFLECT Click driver.

Key functions:

  • irreflect_reflect_status - Function detecting interrupt states of IR reflection

  • irreflect_analog_status - Function detecting states of analog pin of IR reflection

Open Source

Code example

The complete application code and a ready-to-use project are available through the NECTO Studio Package Manager for direct installation in the NECTO Studio. The application code can also be found on the MIKROE GitHub account.

/*!
 * \file 
 * \brief IR reflect Click example
 * 
 * # Description
 * Example demonstrates the use of IR Reflect Click board.
 *
 * The demo application is composed of two sections :
 * 
 * ## Application Init 
 * Initialization driver enables - Start write log.
 * 
 * ## Application Task  
 * This is a example which demonstrates the use of IR Reflect Click board.
 * On this type of photointerrupter the infrared emitter and receiver are facing the same direction,
 * the infrared beam from the emitter gets bounced back to the receiver when an object 
 * is placed within the detecting range of the sensor ( optimal range is 3mm ).
 * These sensors are used to detect an object's presence or motion, such as a piece of paper passing through a printer
 * and counting when sensor is triggered.
 * Results are being sent to the Usart Terminal where you can track their changes.
 * Data logs on usb uart when the sensor is triggered.
 * 
 * 
 * \author MikroE Team
 *
 */
// ------------------------------------------------------------------- INCLUDES

#include "board.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "irreflect.h"

// ------------------------------------------------------------------ VARIABLES

static irreflect_t irreflect;
static log_t logger;

static uint8_t ir_state;
static uint8_t ir_state_old;
static uint16_t counter;

// ------------------------------------------------------ APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

void application_init ( void )
{
    log_cfg_t log_cfg;
    irreflect_cfg_t cfg;

    /** 
     * Logger initialization.
     * Default baud rate: 115200
     * Default log level: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
     * @note If USB_UART_RX and USB_UART_TX 
     * are defined as HAL_PIN_NC, you will 
     * need to define them manually for log to work. 
     * See @b LOG_MAP_USB_UART macro definition for detailed explanation.
     */
    LOG_MAP_USB_UART( log_cfg );
    log_init( &logger, &log_cfg );
    log_info(&logger, "---- Application ----\n");

    //  Click initialization.
    irreflect_cfg_setup( &cfg );
    IRREFLECT_MAP_MIKROBUS( cfg, MIKROBUS_1 );
    irreflect_init( &irreflect, &cfg );
    
    ir_state = 0;
    ir_state_old = 0;
    counter = 1;
}

void application_task ( void )
{
    //  Task implementation.
    
    ir_state = irreflect_reflect_status( &irreflect );

    if ( ir_state_old != ir_state )
    {
        if ( ir_state )
        {
            log_printf( &logger, "  Counter = %u\n", counter);
            counter++;
        }
        ir_state_old = ir_state;
    }
}

void main ( void )
{
    application_init( );

    for ( ; ; )
    {
        application_task( );
    }
}


// ------------------------------------------------------------------------ END

Additional Support

Resources

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